ArticleVaccines2020
Low-Energy Electron Irradiation Efficiently Inactivates the Gram-Negative Pathogen
Article in Vaccines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Modulation of gut microbiota and intestinal barrier by lotus seed, jujube, and longan aril in senna leaf-induced diarrhea in mice.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Low-Energy Electron Irradiation Inactivates Viruses in Serum and Maintains Growth-Promoting Properties in Cell Culture.Applied biosafety : journal of the American Biological Safety Association · 2025Article
- Leveraging Electron Beam (eBeam) Technology for Advancing the Development of Inactivated Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Ultraviolet C inactivation of Coxiella burnetii for production of a structurally preserved whole cell vaccine antigen.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Advances in Irradiated Livestock Vaccine Research and Production Addressing the Unmet Needs for Farmers and Veterinary Services in FAO/IAEA Member States.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Ionizing Radiation Technologies for Vaccine Development - A Mini Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Low-Energy Electron Irradiation of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Provides a Protective Inactivated Vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Electron-Beam Inactivation of Human Rotavirus (HRV) for the Production of Neutralizing Egg Yolk Antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Investigations Into the Suitability of Bacterial Suspensions as Biological Indicators for Low-Energy Electron Irradiation.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Gamma-Irradiated Fowl Cholera Mucosal Vaccine: Potential Vaccine Candidate for Safe and Effective Immunization of Chicken Against Fowl Cholera.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens cause severe infections worldwide in livestock and in humans, and antibiotic resistance further increases the importance of prophylactic vaccines. Inactivated bacterial vaccines (bacterins) are usually produced via incubation of the pathogen with chemicals such as formaldehyde, which is time consuming and may cause loss of immunogenicity due to the modification of structural components. We evaluated low-energy electron irradiation (LEEI) as an alternative method to generate a bacterin.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.