ArticleCells2020
Extracellular Vesicles from Hyperammonemic Rats Induce Neuroinflammation and Motor Incoordination in Control Rats.
Article in Cells, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extracellular vesicles from plasma of patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy induce neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in rats, which are prevented by treating the patients with rifaximin.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Liver-nervous system axis: pathways, dysregulation, and translational perspectives.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Review
- Extracellular Vesicles from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Hyperammonemic Rats Induce Neuroinflammation in Hippocampus, Impairing Memory and Learning in Normal Rats.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- The Administration of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Modified by Anesthesia and Surgery Induces Delirium-Like Behaviors in Aged Mice.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Ammonia and beyond - biomarkers of hepatic encephalopathy.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Motor performance as a predictor of blood levels of ammonia and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with liver cirrhosis.PloS one · 2025Article
- Hyperammonemia increases the release of pathological extracellular vesicles from monocytes by impairing lysosomal function and autophagy through the TNFα-cAMP-PKA-LC3 pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Nanopathways modulating postoperative cognitive dysfunction: extracellular vesicles.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Role of Redox Homeostasis in the Communication Between Brain and Liver Through Extracellular Vesicles.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Role of peripheral inflammation in minimal hepatic encephalopathy.Metabolic brain disease · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Neuroinflammation in Intercellular and Inter-Organ Crosstalk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Pathological and therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles in neurological and neurodegenerative diseases.Neural regeneration research · 2024Review
- Contribution of extracellular vesicles to neuroinflammation and cognitive and motor deficits in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2024Review
- Article
- Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in multiple sclerosis: From cellular surrogates to pathogenic mediators and beyond.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2023Review
- Extracellular vesicles from hyperammonemic rats induce neuroinflammation in hippocampus and impair cognition in control rats.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells reduce neuroinflammation in hippocampus and restore cognitive function in hyperammonemic rats.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Golexanolone, a GABACNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2022Article
- Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Play a Role in Immune System Modulation in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Minimal hepatic encephalopathy is associated with changes in the peripheral immune system which are transferred to the brain, leading to neuroinflammation and thus to cognitive and motor impairment. Mechanisms by which changes in the immune system induce cerebral alterations remain unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) seem to play a role in this process in certain pathologies. The aim of this work was to assess whether EVs play a role in the induction of neuroinflammation in cerebellum and motor incoordination by chronic hyperammonemia. We characterized the differences in protein cargo of EVs from plasma of hyperammonemic and control rats by proteomics and Western blot. We assessed whether injection of EVs from hyperammonemic to normal rats induces changes in neuroinflammation in cerebellum and motor incoordination similar to those exhibited by hyperammonemic rats. We found that hyperammonemia increases EVs amount and alters their protein cargo. Differentially expressed proteins are mainly associated with immune system processes. Injected EVs enter Purkinje neurons and microglia. Injection of EVs from hyperammonemic, but not from control rats, induces motor incoordination, which is mediated by neuroinflammation, microglia and astrocytes activation and increased IL-1b, TNFα, its receptor TNFR1, NF-kB in microglia, glutaminase I, and GAT3 in cerebellum. Plasma EVs from hyperammonemic rats carry molecules necessary and sufficient to trigger neuroinflammation in cerebellum and the mechanisms leading to motor incoordination.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.