ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020
Disparity in Risk Factor Severity for Early Childhood Blood Lead among Predominantly African-American Black Children: The 1999 to 2010 US NHANES.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- A randomized controlled trial of a housing intervention to reduce endocrine disrupting chemical exposures in children.Environment international · 2024Trial
- Soil Lead Risks Associated With Urbanization Histories in Springfield MA and Hartford CT, USA.GeoHealth · 2026Article
- Historical Redlining and Racial Disparities in Child Blood Lead Levels in Southeastern Wisconsin.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Groundwater Chemistry and Children's Blood Lead Levels: A County-Wise Analysis in the United States.GeoHealth · 2026Article
- Dentin Metal and Trace Elements in Deciduous Teeth: Findings from Project Viva.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy and blood lead levels in US children aged 1-15 years: associations modified by age and race.Paediatrics & child health · 2025Article
- Chronic PbbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Exposure to Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic Among Asian and Non-Asian Children and Adolescents in the United States: NHANES 2015-2018.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2025Article
- Racialized experience, biomarkers of lead exposure, and later-life cognition: a mediation analysis.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Inequities in Student Exposure to Lead in Classroom Drinking Fountains: Descriptive Evidence Comparing Students within and Across Schools in Portland, Oregon.Urban education · 2024Article
- Neighborhood-scale lead (Pb) speciation in Akron, Ohio (USA) soils: primary sources, post-deposition diagenesis, and high concentrations of labile Pb.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2024Article
- Municipal Compost Public Health, Waste Management, and Urban Agriculture: A Decadal Study of Fugitive Pb in City of Boston, Massachusetts, USA.GeoHealth · 2024Article
- Predicting blood lead in Uruguayan children: Individual- vs neighborhood-level ensemble learners.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Increased cytotoxicity of PbEnvironmental science. Processes & impacts · 2023Article
- Methods in Public Health Environmental Justice Research: a Scoping Review from 2018 to 2021.Current environmental health reports · 2023Article
- Disparities in Toxic Chemical Exposures and Associated Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: A Scoping Review and Systematic Evidence Map of the Epidemiological Literature.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Environmentally Mediated Health Disparities.The American journal of medicine · 2023Review
- Evaluating Racial/Ethnic Differences in Care Escalation Among COVID-19 Patients in a Home-Based Hospital.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Article
- Predicting Low-Level Childhood Lead Exposure in Metro Atlanta Using Ensemble Machine Learning of High-Resolution Raster Cells.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Improving Equitability and Inclusion for Testing and Detection of Lead Poisoning in US Children.The Milbank quarterly · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
There is no safe detectable level of lead (Pb) in the blood of young children. In the United States, predominantly African-American Black children are exposed to more Pb and present with the highest mean blood lead levels (BLLs). However, racial disparity has not been fully examined within risk factors for early childhood Pb exposure. Therefore, we conducted secondary analysis of blood Pb determinations for 2841 US children at ages 1-5 years with citizenship examined by the cross-sectional 1999 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The primary measures were racial disparities for continuous BLLs or an elevated BLL (EBLL) ≥5 µg/dL in selected risk factors between non-Hispanic Black children (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.