Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32120778›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutics2020

RETRACTED: Quantification and Evaluations of Catechin Hydrate Polymeric Nanoparticles Used in Brain Targeting for the Treatment of Epilepsy.

Niyaz Ahmad, Rizwan Ahmad, Ridha Abdullah Alrasheed, Hassan Mohammed Ali Almatar, Abdullah Sami Al-Ramadan, Mohd Amir, Md Sarafroz

RetractedOpen access · goldAbstract readRetracted Publication
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
7.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Niyaz AhmadDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 314441, Saudi Arabia.
Rizwan AhmadDepartment of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 314441, Saudi Arabia.
Ridha Abdullah AlrasheedDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 314441, Saudi Arabia.
Hassan Mohammed Ali AlmatarDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 314441, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah Sami Al-RamadanDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 314441, Saudi Arabia.
Mohd AmirDepartment of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 314441, Saudi Arabia.
Md SarafrozDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 314441, Saudi Arabia.
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To formulate novel chitosan (CS)-coated-PLGA-nanoparticles (NPs) using a central composite design approach and use them in order to improve brain bioavailability for catechin hydrate (CH) through direct nose-to-central nervous system (CNS) delivery for the evaluation of a comparative biodistribution study of CH by the newly developed ultra high performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy (UHPLC-MS/MS) method in the treatment of epilepsy. For PLGA-NPs' preparation, a double emulsion-solvent evaporation method was used, where a four-factor, three-level central composite design was used to obtain the best nanoformulation. For the optimization, four independent variables were chosen, that is, PLGA, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sonication time, and temperature. The optimized PLGA-NPs were further coated with chitosan and assessed for drug release, nasal permeation study, as well as a comparative pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study. Independent and dependent variables helped to optimize the best nanoformulation based on the composition of PLGA (50.0 mg), PVA (1.10%), sonication time (90.0 s), and temperature (25.0 °C). The values of dependent variables were observed, such as polydispersity index (PDI), particle size, and zeta potential (ZP)-that is, 0.106 ± 0.01, 93.46 ± 3.94 nm, and -12.63 ± 0.08 mV, respectively. The ZPs of CS-coated PLGA-NPs were changed from negative to positive value with some alteration in the distribution of particle size. Excellent mucoadhesive-nature of CS-CH-PLGA-NPs as compared with CH-S and CH-PLGA-NPs was seen, with a retention time of 0.856 min and m/z of 289.23/245.20 for CH, together with a retention time of 1.04 min and m/z of 301.21/151.21 for Quercetin as an internal standard (IS). For a linear range (1-1000 ng mL

Indexed as

brain bioavailability and pharmacokineticcatechin hydratechitosan-coated–PLGA–nanoparticlesepilepsyUHPLC-MS/MS

Identifiers

PMID32120778
PMCPMC7150881
OpenAlexW3009330444

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.