ArticleEnvironment international2020
Maternal and paternal preconception exposure to phenols and preterm birth.
Article in Environment international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Personalized Mobile Intervention to Reduce Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) in Women of Child-Bearing Age and Their Partners
A Personalized Digital Intervention Program to Reduce Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Among a Child-Bearing Age Cohort
Minority-focused Environmental Health Education and Tracking (MEET) Pilot Study
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Paternal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Couples' Pregnancy Outcomes: A Qualitative Review of the Literature.Current environmental health reports · 2026Review
- Ambient Air Pollution, Preconceptional Thyrotropin Abnormalities, and the Risk of Preterm Birth: A Nationwide Chinese Cohort Study.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- A Review of the Literature on the Endocrine Disruptor Activity Testing of Bisphenols inJournal of xenobiotics · 2026Review
- A State of the Science Review of Human Health Effects of the Michigan Polybrominated Biphenyl Contamination after Five Decades.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Review
- Maternal urinary concentrations of bisphenol A during pregnancy and birth size in children from the Odense Child Cohort.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Parental health at preconception and gestational age at birth: evidence from a population-based cohort using double machine learning.World journal of pediatric surgery · 2025Article
- Parabens effects on female reproductive health - Review of evidence from epidemiological and rodent-based studies.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2024Review
- Which is the current knowledge on man-made endocrine- disrupting chemicals in follicular fluid? An overview of effects on ovarian function and reproductive health.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Bisphenol A Substitutes, Bisphenol S and Bisphenol F, on Offspring's Health: Evidence from Epidemiological and Experimental Studies.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- The State of Research and Weight of Evidence on the Epigenetic Effects of Bisphenol A.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Lifestyle interventions to reduce endocrine-disrupting phthalate and phenol exposures among reproductive age men and women: A review and future steps.Environment international · 2022Review
- Maternal diet quality moderates associations between parabens and birth outcomes.Environmental research · 2022Article
- Association of preconception mixtures of phenol and phthalate metabolites with birthweight among subfertile couples.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2022Article
- Parental Programming of Offspring Health: The Intricate Interplay between Diet, Environment, Reproduction and Development.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- The Use of a Brief Antenatal Lifestyle Education Intervention to Reduce Preterm Birth: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Subfertile patients underestimate their risk factors of reprotoxic exposure.Basic and clinical andrology · 2022Article
- Maternal steroids during pregnancy and their associations with ambient air pollution and temperature during preconception and early gestational periods.Environment international · 2022Article
- Evaluation of Placental Toxicity of Five Essential Oils and Their Potential Endocrine-Disrupting Effects.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Article
- The association of prenatal exposure to benzophenones with gestational age and offspring size at birth.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Preterm birth buccal cell epigenetic biomarkers to facilitate preventative medicine.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPhenol exposure during pregnancy has been associated with preterm birth, but the potential effect of preconception exposure in either parent is unknown. There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that the preconception period is a critical window of vulnerability for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
objectiveWe examined whether maternal and paternal preconception urinary concentrations of select phenols were associated with the risk of preterm birth among couples attending fertility care.
methodsThe analysis included 417 female and 229 male participants of the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) Study who gave birth to 418 singleton infants between 2005 and 2018 and for whom we had phenol biomarkers quantified in at least one urine sample collected before conception. Mothers and fathers provided an average of 4 and 3 urine samples during the preconception period, respectively. We calculated the geometric mean of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), benzophenone-3, triclosan, and the molar sum of parabens (ΣParabens) urinary concentrations to estimate each participant's preconception exposure. Risk ratios (RRs) of preterm birth (live birth before 37 completed weeks' gestation) were estimated using modified Poisson regression models adjusted for covariates.
resultsThe mean (SD) gestational age among singletons was 39.3 (1.7) weeks with 8% born preterm. A natural log-unit increase in maternal preconception BPA (RR 1.94; 95% CI: 1.20, 3.14) and BPS (RR 2.42; 95% CI: 1.01, 5.77) concentration was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth. These associations remained after further adjustment for maternal prenatal and paternal preconception biomarker concentrations. Paternal preconception ΣParabens concentrations showed a possible elevated risk of preterm birth (RR 1.36; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.96). No consistent pattern of association was observed for benzophenone-3 or triclosan biomarkers in either parent. DISCUSSION: Maternal preconception urinary BPA and BPS concentrations, as well as paternal preconception urinary parabens concentrations were prospectively associated with a higher risk of preterm birth. Subfertile couples' exposure to select phenols during the preconception period may be an unrecognized risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.