ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
Respiratory Barrier as a Safeguard and Regulator of Defense Against Influenza A Virus and
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influenza A virus infection induces initial proliferation of commensalJournal of virology · 2026Article
- TLR7 alters the maternal immune landscape during influenza A infection to increase maternal and fetal morbidity.Science advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Spatial localization of avian and human influenza A virus receptors in male and female bovine reproductive tissues.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Airway Microbiome as a Modulator of Influenza Virus Infection: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Perspectives-Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Comparative progress on the mechanisms of airway mucosal injury induced by different pathogens: SARS-CoV-2, influenza A virus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Rapid progression from croup to complete lung collapse: a case report of central airway obstruction by mucopurulent cast in influenza A (H3N2) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa coinfection in a toddler.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- The primary cilium as a compartmentalized signaling hub in tissue immunity and homeostasis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Predictive Value of Blood Eosinophil Ratio for Risk Stratification in Patients With Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2025Article
- Inhaled biologics for respiratory diseases: clinical potential and emerging technologies.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Review
- Interactions between zoonotic pathogens and infectious disease spread: Why understanding mechanisms and modelling matters more than ever.Biosafety and health · 2025Review
- Clinical characteristics analysis and prediction model construction for pediatric influenza virus pneumonia complicated by bacterial infection.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- Loss of pulmonary tissue protection and neutrophil microbicidal defects promote severeInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Type I Interferon Targets Alveolar Macrophages to Promote Bacterial Pneumonia after Viral Infection.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- Morphology-dependent entry kinetics and spread of influenza A virus.The EMBO journal · 2025Article
- The Role of TLR4 in Lung Epithelial Cell Injury Caused by Influenza Virus Combined withMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Inverted HA-EV immunization elicits stalk-specific influenza immunity and cross-protection in mice.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Post-influenza bacterial infection: mechanisms of pathogenesis and advances in therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Delayed infected hematoma in retrosternal area following total thyroidectomy: a case report.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Article
- Mathematical Modeling of the Lethal Synergism of Coinfecting Pathogens in Respiratory Viral Infections: A Review.Microorganisms · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The primary function of the respiratory system of gas exchange renders it vulnerable to environmental pathogens that circulate in the air. Physical and cellular barriers of the respiratory tract mucosal surface utilize a variety of strategies to obstruct microbe entry. Physical barrier defenses including the surface fluid replete with antimicrobials, neutralizing immunoglobulins, mucus, and the epithelial cell layer with rapidly beating cilia form a near impenetrable wall that separates the external environment from the internal soft tissue of the host. Resident leukocytes, primarily of the innate immune branch, also maintain airway integrity by constant surveillance and the maintenance of homeostasis through the release of cytokines and growth factors. Unfortunately, pathogens such as influenza virus and
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.