ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2020
Vascular Abnormalities and the Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in the Epileptic Brain.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- A dual-modality workflow for quantifying microvascular structure in human temporal lobe epilepsy.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Blood‑brain barrier dysfunction in epilepsy: Mechanisms, therapeutic strategies and future orientation (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Potential effect of endothelial progenitor cells on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats: an evaluation of relevant lncRNAs.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2025Article
- Restoring brain barriers: an innovative approach for treating neurological disorders.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Review
- Altered coupling of cerebral blood perfusion and neuronal activity in children with MRI-negative drug refractory epilepsy.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Dynamics of Neuronal and Astrocytic Energy Molecules in Epilepsy.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Article
- Brain-infiltrated monocyte macrophages in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy: revisiting the pro-inflammatory paradigm.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Chrysophanol attenuates cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress by TLR4/NFκB-Nrf2/HO-1 and BDNF/VEGF signaling in stress-intensified PTZ induced epilepsy in mice.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Second Generation of Antiepileptic Drugs and Oxidative Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Glycyrrhizin regulates the HMGB1/P38MAPK signalling pathway in status epilepticus.Molecular medicine reports · 2023Article
- Altered neurovascular coupling in children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Vascular topology and blood flow are acutely impacted by experimental febrile status epilepticus.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2023Article
- The blood-brain barrier and the neurovascular unit in subarachnoid hemorrhage: molecular events and potential treatments.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2022Review
- The Function of NF-Kappa B During Epilepsy, a Potential Therapeutic Target.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Role of Neurons and Glia Cells in Wound Healing as a Novel Perspective Considering Platelet as a Conventional Player.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Review
- The interplay of neurovasculature and adult hippocampal neurogenesis.Neuroscience letters · 2021Review
- Pathological angiogenesis and inflammation in tissues.Archives of pharmacal research · 2021Review
- VEGF Modulates Neurogenesis and Microvascular Remodeling in Epileptogenesis After Status Epilepticus in Immature Rats.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- 1,3,4, Oxadiazole Compound A3 Provides Robust Protection Against PTZ-Induced Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress by RegulatingJournal of inflammation research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder generally defined to be caused by excessive neuronal activity. Thus, excessive neuronal activity is the main target of the currently used antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). However, as many as 30% of epileptic patients show drug resistance to currently available AEDs, which suggests that epilepsy should be attributed not only to neuronal cells but also to other brain cells, such as glial cells and vascular cells. Astrocytes, pericytes, and endothelial cells in particular comprise the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which tightly regulates the exchange of substances between the brain parenchyma and the circulating blood. It has been proposed that BBB dysfunction, especially barrier leakage, exacerbates epileptic progression, and conversely, that epileptic seizures induce barrier leakage. Furthermore, several studies have shown that BBB dysfunction is one of the main causes of drug resistance in epilepsy. To better understand the mechanisms that link BBB dysfunction and intractable epilepsy to gain insights for the future development of treatments, we review and discuss the relationships between epilepsy and brain vascular abnormalities, mainly by focusing on vascular malformation, BBB dysfunction, and excessive angiogenesis. Because these abnormalities have been reported to be caused by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the ischemic brain, we discuss the possible role of VEGF in vascular abnormalities in the epileptic brain, in which the upregulation of VEGF levels has been reported. Both glial cells and endothelial cells express VEGF receptors (VEGFRs); thus, these cells are likely affected by increases in VEGF during seizures, which in turn could cause vascular abnormalities. In this review, we review the possible role of VEGF in epilepsy and discuss the mechanisms that link vascular abnormalities and intractable epilepsy.
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