ArticleFrontiers in cellular neuroscience2020
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Induces Dynamic Immune Cell Reactions in the Choroid Plexus.
Article in Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroinflammation in an Optimized Model of Lysophosphatidic Acid (LPA)-Induced Post-hemorrhagic Hydrocephalus.Neurochemical research · 2025Article
- First-day intracranial pressure correlates with ICU mortality in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients: an analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Choroid Plexus Pathophysiology.Annual review of pathology · 2025Review
- Article
- Modulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Dysregulation via a SPAK and OSR1 Targeted Framework Nucleic Acid in Hydrocephalus.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Inflammatory changes in the choroid plexus following subarachnoid hemorrhage: the role of innate immune receptors and inflammatory molecules.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Clinical Potential of Immunotherapies in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Treatment: Mechanistic Dissection of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses.Aging and disease · 2023Review
- Immunological Profile of Vasospasm after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A new perspective on cerebrospinal fluid dynamics after subarachnoid hemorrhage: From normal physiology to pathophysiological changes.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2022Review
- CD47 Blockade Accelerates Blood Clearance and Alleviates Early Brain Injury After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Inflammation and immune cell abnormalities in intracranial aneurysm subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH): Relevant signaling pathways and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Eucalyptol ameliorates early brain injury after subarachnoid haemorrhage via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model.Pharmaceutical biology · 2021Article
- Choroid plexus and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier in disease.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2020Review
- Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Increases Level of Heme Oxygenase-1 and Biliverdin Reductase in the Choroid Plexus.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a specific form of hemorrhagic stroke that frequently causes intracranial hypertension. The choroid plexus (CP) of the brain ventricles is responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid and forms the blood - cerebrospinal fluid barrier. The aim of the current study was to determine whether SAH induces an immune cell reaction in the CP and whether the resulting increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) itself can lead to cellular changes in the CP. SAH was induced by injecting non-heparinized autologous blood to the cisterna magna. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) instead of blood was used to assess influence of increased ICP alone. SAH and ACSF animals were left to survive for 1, 3, and 7 days. SAH induced significantly increased numbers of M1 (ED1+, CCR7+) and M2 (ED2+, CD206+) macrophages as well as MHC-II+ antigen presenting cells (APC) compared to naïve and ACSF animals. Increased numbers of ED1+ macrophages and APC were found in the CP only 3 and 7 days after ACSF injection, while ED2+ macrophage number did not increase. CD3+ T cells were not found in any of the animals. Following SAH, proliferation activity in the CP gradually increased over time while ACSF application induced higher cellular proliferation only 1 and 3 days after injection. Our results show that SAH induces an immune reaction in the CP resulting in an increase in the number of several macrophage types in the epiplexus position. Moreover, we also found that increased ICP due to ACSF application induced both an immune reaction and increased proliferation of epiplexus cells in the CP. These findings indicate that increased ICP, and not just blood, contributes to cellular changes in the CP following SAH.
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