ArticleJournal of nanoparticle research : an interdisciplinary forum for nanoscale science and technology2019
Parallel multi-parameter study of PEI-functionalized gold nanoparticle synthesis for bio-medical applications: part 1-a critical assessment of methodology, properties, and stability.
Article in Journal of nanoparticle research : an interdisciplinary forum for nanoscale science and technology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Linear Polyethyleneimine-Coated Gold Nanoparticles as a Platform for Central Nervous System Targeting.Polymers · 2026Article
- Small Interfering RNA Carriers for Oncotherapy: A Preclinical Overview.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Unraveling the Impact of Polyethylenimine-Coated Gold Nanoparticle Size on the Efficiency of Sandwich-Style Electrochemical Immunosensors.ACS measurement science au · 2025Article
- Well-Characterized Polyethyleneimine-/Carboxylated-Polyethylene-Glycol-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles as Prospective Nanoscale Control Materials for In Vitro Cell Viability Assays: Particle Characterization and Toxicity Tests in Eight Mammalian Cell Lines.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Gold Polymer Nanomaterials: A Promising Approach for Enhanced Biomolecular Imaging.Nanotheranostics · 2024Review
- Signal amplification of a quartz crystal microbalance immunosensor by gold nanoparticles-polyethyleneimine for hepatitis B biomarker detection.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Polyethyleneimine/polyethylene glycol-conjugated gold nanoparticles as nanoscale positive/negative controls in nanotoxicology: testing in frog embryo teratogenesis assay-Nanotoxicology · 2023Article
- Polyethylenimine-Coated Ultrasmall Holmium Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, Cytotoxicities, and Water Proton Spin Relaxivities.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Gold-Polymer Nanocomposites for Future Therapeutic and Tissue Engineering Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Recent Advances in Photothermal Therapies Against Cancer and the Role of Membrane Transporter Modulators on the Efficacy of This Approach.Technology in cancer research & treatmentReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cationic polyethyleneimine (PEI)-conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that are chemically and physically stable under physiological conditions are an ideal candidate for certain bio-medical applications, in particular DNA transfection. However, the issue remains in reproducibly generating uniform stable species, which can cause the inadequate characterization of the resulting product under relevant conditions and timepoints. The principal objective of the present study was to develop an optimized and reproducible synthetic route for preparing stable PEI-conjugated AuNPs (Au-PEIs). To achieve this objective, a parallel multi-parametric approach involving a total of 96 reaction studies evaluated the importance of 6 key factors: PEI molar mass, PEI structure, molar ratio of PEI/Au, concentration of reaction mixtures, reaction temperature, and reaction time. Application of optimized conditions exhibited narrow size distributions with characteristic surface plasmon resonance absorption and positive surface charge. The optimized Au-PEI product generated by this study exhibits exceptional stability under a physiological isotonic medium (phosphate-buffered saline) over 48 h and shelf-life in ambient condition without any significant change or sedimentation for at least 6 months. Furthermore, the optimized Au-PEI product was highly reproducible. Contributions from individual factors were elucidated using a broad and orthogonal characterization suite examining size and size distribution, optical absorbance, morphological transformation (agglomeration/aggregation), surface functionalities, and stability. Overall, this comprehensive multi-parametric investigation, supported by thorough characterization and rigorous testing, provides a robust foundation for the nanomedicine research community to better synthesize nanomaterials for biomedical use.
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