Observational studyClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases2020
Positive follow-up blood cultures identify high mortality risk among patients with Gram-negative bacteraemia.
Observational study in Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Female Sex and Mortality in Patients With Gram-Negative Bacteremia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Association of Follow-up Blood Cultures With Mortality in Patients With Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- A Scenario-Based Survey of Clinician Recommendations for Follow-Up Blood Cultures in Patients With Varying Risk of Persistent Gram-Negative Bacteremia.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Management of Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections With Oral Antibiotics in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.Clinical transplantation · 2026Observational
- The impact of follow-up blood cultures on mortality and management in patients with gram-negative bloodstream infections: a validation cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Clinical and Genomic Characterization of Serratia Bloodstream Infections.CMI communications · 2025Article
- Developing a Personalized Approach to Follow-Up Blood Cultures in Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections: A Narrative Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Standardization in the management of gram-negative bloodstream infections after implementation of a clinical care guideline at a large academic, safety-net institution: a quasi-experimental study.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Article
- Early follow-up blood cultures-frequency and outcomes of repeat blood culture collection within 48 hours of emergency department workup: an observational study.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Article
- The trends of blood culture contamination and utilization rates in an LMIC tertiary care center from 2010 to 2022: a call for diagnostic stewardship?Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Article
- Persistence ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Article
- Risk factors for positive follow-up blood cultures in critically ill adults with Gram-negative bacteraemia.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- Epidemiology and clinical relevance of persistent bacteraemia in patients with Gram-negative bloodstream infection: a retrospective cohort study.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Persistent Gram-negative Bloodstream Infection Increases the Risk of Recurrent Bloodstream Infection With the Same Species.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Predictors of antibiogram performance and antibiotic resistance patterns in the northern Syrian region: A cross-sectional investigation.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2024Article
- Risk factors for positive follow-up blood cultures in Gram-negative bacteremia among immunocompromised patients with neutropenia.Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society · 2024Article
- Clinical characteristics and outcomes of persistent bacteremia in patients with head and neck cancer in a tertiary care hospital.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- The effect of follow-up blood cultures on mortality and antibiotic use in gram-negative bloodstream infections.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe role of follow-up blood cultures (FUBCs) in the management of Gram-negative bacteraemia (GNB) is poorly understood. We aimed to determine the utility of FUBCs in identifying patients with increased mortality risk.
methodsAn observational study with a prospectively enrolled cohort of adult inpatients with GNB was conducted at Duke University Health System from 2002 to 2015. FUBCs were defined as blood cultures performed from 24 hours to 7 days from initial positive blood culture.
resultsAmong 1702 patients with GNB, 1164 (68%) had FUBCs performed. When performed, FUBCs were positive in 20% (228/1113) of cases. FUBC acquisition was associated with lower all-cause in-hospital mortality (108/538, 20%, vs. 176/1164, 15%; p 0.01) and attributable in-hospital mortality (78/538, 15%, vs. 98/1164, 8%; p < 0.0001). Propensity score-weighted Cox proportional hazards models revealed that obtaining FUBCs was associated with reductions in all-cause (hazard ratio (HR) 0.629; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.511-0.772; p < 0.0001) and attributable mortality (HR 0.628; 95% CI, 0.480-0.820; p 0.0007). Positive FUBCs were associated with increased all-cause mortality (49/228, 21%, vs. 110/885, 11%; p 0.0005) and attributable mortality (27/228, 12%, vs. 61/885, 7%; p 0.01) relative to negative FUBCs. Propensity score-weighted Cox proportional hazards models revealed that positive FUBCs were associated with increased all-cause (HR 2.099; 95% CI, 1.567-2.811; p < 0.0001) and attributable mortality (HR 1.800; 95% CI, 1.245-2.603; p 0.002). In a calibration analysis, a scoring system accurately identified patients at high risk of positive FUBCs.
conclusionsRates of positive FUBCs were high and identified patients at increased risk for mortality. Clinical variables can identify patients at high risk for positive FUBCs. FUBCs should be considered in the management of GNB.
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