Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32112367›Full record

ArticleJournal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education2021

A Study on Knowledge and Awareness of Cervical Cancer Among Females of Rural and Urban Areas of Haryana, North India.

Lokesh Kadian, Gulshan Gulshan, Shivkant Sharma, Indu Kumari, Chetna Yadav, Smiti Nanda, Ritu Yadav

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Determinants of Female Cancer Screening Awareness in Alabama's Black Belt Region.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lokesh KadianDepartment of Genetics, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.ORCID 0000-0001-9202-770X
Gulshan GulshanDepartment of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.ORCID 0000-0002-1747-0047
Shivkant SharmaDepartment of Genetics, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.ORCID 0000-0001-9785-2418
Indu KumariDepartment of Genetics, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.ORCID 0000-0001-9357-9784
Chetna YadavDepartment of Genetics, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.ORCID 0000-0002-3387-0622
Smiti NandaDepartments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.ORCID 0000-0002-0429-4849
Ritu YadavDepartment of Genetics, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India. yritu3757@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-1372-9314

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lack of awareness of screening methods, risk factors, and symptoms may lead to late diagnosis and poor prognosis of cervical cancer. The plan of this study was to assess the level of awareness about cervical cancer and HPV vaccine among females of rural and urban areas of Haryana, India. This cross-sectional study was performed using a comprehensive self-designed questionnaire on 1500 women of urban (700) and rural (800) background aged 18-65 years, evaluating their knowledge for cervical cancer and screening, HPV infection and its preventive measure, and symptoms and risk factors. Data obtained was analyzed and interpreted by using simple percentages and bar charts. Most of the participants were aged between 21 and 30 years and had college level education. Majority of the women from rural areas had poor knowledge about cervical cancer (55%) and its screening (75%), HPV infection (87.5%), and HPV vaccine (95%) compared with urban areas. Knowledge about symptoms and risk factors was very low in both rural and urban areas. Whatever little knowledge the women had about cervical cancer was from college education, friends, neighbors, relatives, and medical practitioner or doctors. The survey pointed to the critical need to educate women about cervical cancer and its early diagnosis, related risk factors, symptoms, and preventive measures which can be achieved by launching extensive awareness programs for educating females about cervical cancer in India.

Indexed as

Papillomavirus InfectionsPapillomavirus VaccinesUterine Cervical NeoplasmsAdultCross-Sectional StudiesEarly Detection of CancerFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansIndiaSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultPapillomavirus VaccinesAwarenessCervical cancerKnowledgeRuralScreeningUrbanWomen

Identifiers

PMID32112367

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.