ArticleMucosal immunology2020
Spatial proteomics revealed a CX
Article in Mucosal immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decoding epithelial-immune cell crosstalk in uropathogenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Dual-species proteomics and targeted intervention of animal-pathogen interactions.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Rewriting the urinary tract paradigm: the urobiome as a gatekeeper of host defense.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- The immune mechanisms of the urinary tract against infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- An Overview of Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Its Mechanisms in Sepsis.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- A Dynamic Interplay of Innate Immune Responses During Urinary Tract Infection.Immune network · 2024Review
- Article
- An introduction to spatial transcriptomics for biomedical research.Genome medicine · 2022Review
- Timing is everything: impact of development, ageing and circadian rhythm on macrophage functions in urinary tract infections.Mucosal immunology · 2022Review
- The immune responses to differentFrontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Mass spectrometry imaging identifies altered hepatic lipid signatures during experimentalFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Transcriptomic analyses and experimental verification reveal potential biomarkers and biological pathways of urinary tract infection.Bioengineered · 2021Article
- Review
- Perspectives in systems nephrology.Cell and tissue research · 2021Review
- Regulation and function of CX3CR1 and its ligand CX3CL1 in kidney disease.Cell and tissue research · 2021Review
- Proteomic and bioinformatic profiling of neutrophils in CLL reveals functional defects that predispose to bacterial infections.Blood advances · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The urothelium of the urinary bladder represents the first line of defense. However, uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) damage the urothelium and cause acute bacterial infection. Here, we demonstrate the crosstalk between macrophages and the urothelium stimulating macrophage migration into the urothelium. Using spatial proteomics by MALDI-MSI and LC-MS/MS, a novel algorithm revealed the spatial activation and migration of macrophages. Analysis of the spatial proteome unravelled the coexpression of Myo9b and F4/80 in the infected urothelium, indicating that macrophages have entered the urothelium upon infection. Immunofluorescence microscopy additionally indicated that intraurothelial macrophages phagocytosed UPEC and eliminated neutrophils. Further analysis of the spatial proteome by MALDI-MSI showed strong expression of IL-6 in the urothelium and local inhibition of this molecule reduced macrophage migration into the urothelium and aggravated the infection. After IL-6 inhibition, the expression of matrix metalloproteinases and chemokines, such as CX
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