ArticleInternational journal for equity in health2020
"Who will stand up for us?" the social determinants of health of women tea plantation workers in India.
Article in International journal for equity in health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Journey of the tuberculosis patients in India from onset of symptom till one-year post-treatment.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Poverty, undernutrition and morbidity: The untold story of tea-garden workers of Alipurduar district, West Bengal.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
- Association of adult attachment with delays in accessing specialist care in women with ovarian cancer.Journal of psychosocial oncology · 2022Article
- Evaluation of work place pesticide concentration and health complaints among women workers in tea plantation, Southern India.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2021Article
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Abstract
introductionThe tea estate sector of India is one of the oldest and largest formal private employers. Workers are dependent on plantation estates for a range of basic services under the 1951 Plantation Labour Act and have been subject to human rights violations. Ad hoc reports related to poor health outcomes exist, yet their determinants have not been systematically studied. This study in Assam, situated in Northeast India, sought to understand the Social Determinants of Health (SDH) of women plantation workers with an aim to offer directions for policy action.
methodsAs part of a larger qualitative study, 16 FGDs were carried out with women workers in three plantations of Jorhat district covering permanent and non-permanent workers. Informed consent procedures were carried out with all participants individually. Data were analyzed thematically using Ritchie and Spencer's framework based on an adapted conceptual framework drawing from existing global conceptual models and frameworks related to the SDH.
resultsDeterminants at structural, intermediary and individual levels were associated with health. Poverty and poor labour conditions, compounded by the low social position of women in their communities, precluded their ability to improve their economic situation. The poor quality of housing and sanitation, inadequate food and rations, all hampered daily living. Health services were found wanting and social networks were strained even as women were a critical support to each other. These factors impinged on use of health services, diet and nutrition as well as psychosocial stress at the individual level.
conclusionYears of subjugation of workers have led to their deep distrust in the system of which they are part. Acting on SDH will take time, deeper understanding of their relative and/or synergistic contribution, and require the building of stakeholdership. Notwithstanding this, to have heard from women workers themselves has been an important step in visibilizing and building accountability for action on the health and SDH of women in plantation estates.
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