Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32111186›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2020

Knowledge and attitudes towards E-cigarette use in Lebanon and their associated factors.

Hanan Aghar, Nathalie El-Khoury, Mahasen Reda, Wissam Hamadeh, Hussein Krayem, Mohammad Mansour, Hawraa Raouf, Miran A Jaffa

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Hanan AgharFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O.Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
Nathalie El-KhouryFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O.Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
Mahasen RedaFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O.Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
Wissam HamadehFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O.Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
Hussein KrayemFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O.Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
Mohammad MansourFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O.Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
Hawraa RaoufFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O.Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
Miran A JaffaEpidemiology and Population Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O.Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon. ms148@aub.edu.lb.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite the misconceptions regarding E-cigarettes (ECs), only a few studies have been conducted in the Middle East that focused on this topic. This study assesses the knowledge of and attitudes towards ECs in Lebanon, determines how these two measures are associated, and identifies the variables that explain each of these measures.

methodsA cross sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of Lebanese pedestrians aged between 18 and 64 inclusive. A structured self-administered questionnaire comprising of knowledge and attitude scales, and questions on demographical, health and smoking characteristics was used.

resultsScores for attitudes and knowledge of ECs were summed and dichotomized using a 75% cutoff, above which the participant was considered to have a positive attitude and good knowledge. Among the 352 participants (56.6% males, 43.3% females, mean age 30.3, 46.2% smokers), 63.3% exhibited a lower level of EC knowledge. More than 50% erroneously thought that ECs are not associated with lung and bladder cancer or impair lung and heart function. 65% falsely thought that it is harmless and not addictive. As for attitude, 43.3, 53.9, and 44.3% thought that it is socially acceptable, helps in smoking cessation, and is a good replacement for cigarettes and an enjoyable recreational device respectively. Our results revealed an inverse correlation between attitude and knowledge scores (Spearman's correlation = -.30, p < .001). Predictors of knowledge included health-related occupation (p = .010), regular exercise (p = .016), healthy diet (p = .026), EC use (p = .026), perception that ECs are not harmful (p = .001), and help in smoking cessation (p = .017). Predictors of attitude included EC use (p = .008), sex (p = .010), and knowledge that most ECs are addictive (p = .006), harmful (p = .014), and impair heart and lung function (p = .047).

conclusionsOur study revealed a gap in EC knowledge, especially among participants who displayed a positive attitude towards ECs. Hence, measures should be undertaken to regulate its use by instituting more stringent laws and holding nationwide awareness campaigns.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLebanonMaleMiddle AgedSocioeconomic FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesVapingYoung AdultAttitudeE-cigarettesElectronic cigarettesE-liquidKnowledgePerceptionSmokingSmoking cessationTobaccoVaping

Identifiers

PMID32111186
PMCPMC7049178

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.