ReviewOncotarget2020
Risk factors for breast cancer brain metastases: a systematic review.
Review in Oncotarget, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain metastases for Her2 positive breast cancer patients: a systematic review (on the behalf of Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology).La Radiologia medica · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review of the management of brain metastases from hormone receptor positive breast cancer.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Analysis of the pan-Asian subgroup of patients in the NALA Trial: a randomized phase III NALA Trial comparing neratinib+capecitabine (N+C) vs lapatinib+capecitabine (L+C) in patients with HER2+metastatic breast cancer (mBC) previously treated with two or more HER2-directed regimens.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2021Trial
- Brain-only metastatic breast cancer as a distinct clinical entity: evidence from national and institutional cohorts with implications for radiation therapy.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Machine learning identifies prognosticators of intracranial metastatic disease in patients with breast or lung cancer.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Preliminary modeling of brain metastases in breast cancer: a neural network approach to risk factor analysis.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Discovery of Potent and Brain-Penetrable Tubulin Inhibitors that Effectively Suppress Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2026Article
- Individualized prediction of brain metastasis risk in patients with breast cancer.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Hepcidin as an emerging predictor biomarker of leptomeningeal metastases in patients with metastatic breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Triple-negative breast cancer: challenges, advances, and promising therapeutic interventions.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Brain Metastases From Solid Cancers in 58 Dogs.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Targeting the Enhanced Sensitivity of Radiotherapy in Cancer: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges.MedComm · 2025Review
- Breast Cancer Brain Metastases: A Neurosurgical Point of View From a Single-Center Experience.Cureus · 2025Article
- Integrating Bioinformatics Analysis with RT-qPCR Experimental Validation to Investigate Immune Cell and Telomere-Related Biomarkers in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Article
- Predictors of brain metastases in patients with oligometastatic solid tumours treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- De novo versus recurrent metastatic breast cancer affects the extent of brain metastases.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Observational
- Article
- The clinical, molecular, and therapeutic implications of time from primary diagnosis to brain metastasis in lung and breast cancer patients.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Kappa-carrageenan and sodium alginate-based pH-responsive hydrogels for controlled release of methotrexate.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBrain metastasis (BM) is an increasingly common and devastating complication of breast cancer (BC).
methodsA systematic literature search of EMBASE and MEDLINE was conducted to elucidate the current state of knowledge on known and novel prognostic factors associated with 1) the risk for BCBM and 2) the time to brain metastases (TTBM).
resultsA total of 96 studies involving institutional records from 28 countries were identified. Of these, 69 studies reported risk factors of BCBM, 46 factors associated with the TTBM and twenty studies examined variables for both outcomes. Young age, estrogen receptor negativity (ER-), overexpression of human epidermal factor (HER2+), and higher presenting stage, histological grade, tumor size, Ki67 labeling index and nodal involvement were consistently found to be independent risk factors of BCBM. Of these, triple-negative BC (TNBC) subtype, ER-, higher presenting histological grade, tumor size, and nodal involvement were also reported to associate with shorter TTBM. In contrast, young age, hormone receptor negative (HR-) status, higher presenting stage, nodal involvement and development of liver metastasis were the most important risk factors for BM in HER2-positive patients.
conclusionsThe study provides a comprehensive and individual evaluation of the risk factors that could support the design of screening tools and interventional trials for early detection of BCBM.
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