ReviewAPMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica2020
Gut microbiota in atherosclerosis: focus on trimethylamine N-oxide.
Review in APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 111 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
111 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 182 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trimethylamine N-Oxide in Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis of Prognostic Value.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Toward Precision Cardiac Rehabilitation: Current Limitations and Future Opportunities of Omics and Artificial Intelligence.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota‑derived metabolites in cardiovascular disease: Focus on trimethylamine N‑oxide, short‑chain fatty acids and bile acids (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- The association between adapted dietary index for gut microbiota and carotid intima-media thickness among overweight or obese children and adolescents.Acta diabetologica · 2026Article
- Targeting the Gut-Heart Axis in Atherosclerosis: Microbial Metabolites, Molecular Mechanisms, and Precision Therapeutics.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Mechanistic Elucidation of BBOX-Catalyzed Hydroxylation and THP-Induced Oxidative Rearrangement via QM/MM Calculations.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Protection: Biochemical Mechanisms with Emphasis on Platelet-Activating Factor.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Gut metabolite TMAO and its structural analogs bind to fibrinogen thereby enhancing clot formation: a rationale for atherosclerosis risk.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Trimethylamine N-oxide is elevated in postmenopausal women relative to age-matched men and premenopausal women among individuals with obesity.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Time Exposure and Fat Mass Reduction Drive Trimethylamine N-Oxide Modulation During a Very-Low-Energy Ketogenic Therapy (VLEKT) in Women with Obesity.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Multi-Omics Mechanisms of Trimethylamine Oxide and Cardiovascular Disease: A Review.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Association between gut microbiota-derived TMAO, systemic inflammatory markers, and echocardiographic findings in patients with common variable immunodeficiency.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Progress on the regulation of colorectal cancer and cardio-oncology by the gut microbiota and nutrients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Atherosclerotic-dose TMAO accentuates redox imbalances and motor dysfunctions in a MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Ameliorative effects of mulberry fruit anthocyanin extract on gut microbiota and liver metabolites in high-fat and high-cholesterol diet-fed ApoE-/- mice.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- The Gut-Heart Axis: A Comprehensive Review of Microbiota's Role in Cardiovascular Health and Disease and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Cardiology research and practice · 2026Review
- Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on gut microbiome of patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Myocarditis in the Modern Era: Navigating Diagnosis, Innovative Treatments, the COVID-19 Challenge and the Role of Artificial Intelligence.Cardiology research and practice · 2026Review
- The gut-heart axis: a review of the mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of gut microbiota and their metabolites in cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Microbiota-Driven Immune Dysregulation Along the Gut-Lung-Vascular Axis in Asthma and Atherosclerosis.Biomedicines · 2025Review
51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases cannot adequately be explained by traditional risk factors. Recently, accumulating evidence has suggested that gut microbiota-derived numerous metabolites are contributors to atherosclerotic events. Among them, the role of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in promoting atherosclerosis has gained attention. TMAO is reported to exert the proatherogenic effects by impacting on the traditional risk factors of atherosclerosis and is associated with high risk of cardiovascular events. Besides that, TMAO is involved in the complex pathological processes of atherosclerotic lesion formation, such as endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation and thrombus generation. In light of these promising findings, TMAO may serve as a potential target for atherosclerosis prevention and treatment, which is conceptually novel, when compared with existing traditional treatments. It is likely that regulating TMAO production and associated gut microbiota may become a promising strategy for the anti-atherosclerosis therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.