ArticleScientific reports2020
Decreased mandibular cortical bone quality after botulinum toxin injections in masticatory muscles in female adults.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of the effects of occlusal splint and Botox injections on the amount of mouth opening and chronic pain in individuals with temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Australian dental journal · 2025Pooled it
- Botulinum toxin type A injection into the masticatory muscles and its effects on mandibular bone resorption and density. A systematic review.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Pooled it
- Longitudinal Computed Tomography Indicates No Negative Impact of OnabotulinumtoxinA on Mandibular Bone Density in a 12-Month, Double-Blind, Randomized, Repeat Treatment, Placebo-Controlled Study in Healthy Adults With Masseter Muscle Prominence.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2025Trial
- Comparing botulinum toxin and biofeedback therapies for awake bruxism: a randomized clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Review
- Review
- Ultrasound-Guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections into the Masseter Muscle for Both Medical and Aesthetic Purposes.Toxins · 2024Review
- Neglecting Bone Health: A Critical Gap in Management of Muscle Spasticity with Botulinum Toxin in Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2024Review
- Transcriptional Profiling of Muscle in Females With Distal Radius Fracture and Functional Sarcopenia.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Article
- Clinical aspects of mastication myalgia-an overview.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Growth differentiation factor-15 as a modulator of bone and muscle metabolism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Bone mineral density, bone microstructure, and bone turnover markers in females with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.Clinical oral investigations · 2021Article
- Comprehensive evaluation of botulinum toxin treatment outcomes of a patient with persistent myofascial orofacial pain.Clinical case reports · 2021Article
- Association between clinical parameters and size of three-dimensionally reconstructed anatomical abnormalities in patients with lateral epicondylitis: a cross-sectional study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2021Article
- Effect of multiple injections of botulinum toxin into painful masticatory muscles on bone density in the temporomandibular complex.Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2020Article
- Muscle-Bone Crosstalk in the Masticatory System: From Biomechanical to Molecular Interactions.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify how masticatory muscle atrophy induced by botulinum toxin (BTX) injection affects cortical bone quality of the mandible using 3D modeling technology. A total of 39 young (26.9 ± 6.0 years) and 38 post-menopausal (55.3 ± 6.3 years) females were included. Computed tomography (CT) images were obtained before and after 12 months of treatment. Predictor variables were application of a stabilization splint, and/or two times of BTX injection in the bilateral temporalis and masseter muscles within a six-month interval. Outcome variables were changes in average Hounsfield units (HU) and cortical thickness of region of interest (ROI). 3D mandibular models were reconstructed using CT images, and models were used to calculate average HU and cortical thickness of ROIs, including inferior half of the lateral surface of ascending ramus, coronoid process, and temporomandibular joint condyle. Cortical bone quality at muscle insertion site was influenced by decreased muscle thickness but seemed not to be affected by decreased functional loading. Reduced functional loading seemed to influence cortical bone quality of the condyles. These effects were more remarkable in post-menopausal females. Hence, decreased masticatory muscle thickness may lead to alterations of the mandibular cortical structures, especially in post-menopausal females.
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Registered trials
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