ArticleBMJ open2020
Prevention versus early detection for long-term control of melanoma and keratinocyte carcinomas: a cost-effectiveness modelling study.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- International Dermoscopy Society consensus recommendations for the management of lentigo maligna.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Review
- Cost-Effectiveness of Current Therapeutic Strategies for Melanoma.Current treatment options in oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- Sunscreen Coverage as Preventive Care Under the Affordable Care Act: A Low-Cost Way to Reduce the Prevalence of the Most Common Cancer.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2025Article
- Cost-effectiveness analysis and return on investment of SunSmart Western Australia to prevent skin cancer.Health promotion international · 2024Article
- Are in-market control systems for sunscreens adequate for consumer protection? A review of the legal framework regulating sun protection factor labels in Europe.BMJ public health · 2023Review
- The effects of exposure to solar radiation on human health.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2023Article
- "Well, to Be Honest, I Don't Have an Idea of What It Might Be"-A Qualitative Study on Knowledge and Awareness Regarding Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Article
- The Emerging Burden of Genetic Instability and Mutation in Melanoma: Role of Molecular Mechanisms.Cancers · 2022Article
- Cancer worry after facial nonmelanoma skin cancer resection and reconstruction: A 1-year prospective study.Psycho-oncology · 2022Article
- Health utilities for non-melanoma skin cancers and pre-cancerous lesions: A systematic review.Skin health and disease · 2021Article
- The State of Melanoma: Emergent Challenges and Opportunities.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2021Article
- Environmental effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and interactions with climate change: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2020.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2021Article
- Testing Wearable UV Sensors to Improve Sun Protection in Young Adults at an Outdoor Festival: Field Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the long-term economic impact of melanoma prevention by sun protection, with the corresponding impact of early detection of melanoma to decrease melanoma deaths.
designCost-effectiveness analysis using Markov cohort model. Data were primarily from two population-based randomised controlled trials, epidemiological and costing reports, and included flow-on effects for keratinocyte cancers (previously non-melanoma skin cancers) and actinic keratoses.
settingQueensland, Australia.
participantsMen and women with a mean age 50 years modelled for 30 years.
interventionsDaily sunscreen use (prevention) compared with annual clinical skin examinations (early detection) and comparing these in turn with the status quo. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: Costs, counts of melanoma, melanoma deaths, keratinocyte cancers, life years and quality-adjusted life years.
resultsPer 100 000 individuals, for early detection, primary prevention and without intervention, there were 2446, 1364 and 2419 new melanomas, 556, 341 and 567 melanoma deaths, 64 452, 47 682 and 64 659 keratinocyte cancers and £493.5, £386.4 and £406.1 million in economic costs, respectively. There were small differences between prevention and early detection in life years saved (0.09%) and quality-adjusted life years gained (0.10%).
conclusionsCompared with early detection of melanoma, systematic sunscreen use at a population level will prevent substantial numbers of new skin tumours, melanoma deaths and save healthcare costs. Primary prevention through daily use of sunscreen is a priority for investment in the control of melanoma.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.