ReviewJournal of pain research2020
A Review of Scientific Evidence for THC:CBD Oromucosal Spray (Nabiximols) in the Management of Chronic Pain.
Review in Journal of pain research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nabiximols in Multiple Sclerosis: Beyond Spasticity-An Exploratory Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Symptomatic Outcomes.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Sublingual Administration for Pain Control: Pharmacology, Clinical Applications and Future Directions.CNS drugs · 2026Review
- Effect of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol on myofascial pain modulation in patients with temporomandibular disorder: a prospective crossover study.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Cannabinoid efficacy for pain: dose, chronicity and route.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Considering the Effects of Cannabinoids and Exercise on the Brain: A Narrative Review.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- From fibers to flowering to metabolites: unlocking hemp (Cannabis sativa) potential with the guidance of novel discoveries and tools.Journal of experimental botany · 2025Review
- Clinical Benefits and Safety of Medical Cannabis Products: A Narrative Review on Natural Extracts.Pain and therapy · 2024Review
- Pharmacological and physiological effects of cannabidiol: a dose escalation, placebo washout study protocol.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Dermorphin [D-Arg2, Lys4] (1-4) Amide Alleviates Frostbite-Induced Pain by Regulating TRP Channel-Mediated Microglial Activation and Neuroinflammation.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Unveiling the Potential of Cannabinoids in Multiple Sclerosis and the Dawn of Nano-Cannabinoid Medicine.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Potential perioperative cardiovascular outcomes in cannabis/cannabinoid users. A call for caution.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Edible cannabis for chronic low back pain: associations with pain, mood, and intoxication.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Effect of nabiximols oromucosal spray (SativexDrugs in context · 2024Article
- Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanoparticles as a platform for the improved oral delivery of cannabidiol.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023Article
- Role of Resolvins in Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cannabis for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- A cross-sectional survey of prospective healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of medical Cannabis.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the Analgesic Effect of High-Cannabidiol-Content Cannabis Extracts in Different Pain Models by Using Polymeric Micelles as Vehicles.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Medicinal cannabis for Australian patients with chronic refractory pain including arthritis.British journal of pain · 2023Article
- Effects of sub-chronic nabiximols on biological markers of individuals undergoing a clinical trial for the treatment of cannabis use disorder.American journal of translational research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The 20% prevalence of chronic pain in the general population is a major health concern given the often profound associated impairment of daily activities, employment status, and health-related quality of life in sufferers. Resource utilization associated with chronic pain represents an enormous burden for healthcare systems. Although analgesia based on the World Health Organization's pain ladder continues to be the mainstay of chronic pain management, aside from chronic cancer pain or end-of-life care, prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or opioids to manage chronic pain is rarely sustainable. As the endocannabinoid system is known to control pain at peripheral, spinal, and supraspinal levels, interest in medical use of cannabis is growing. A proprietary blend of cannabis plant extracts containing delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) as the principal cannabinoids is formulated as an oromucosal spray (USAN name: nabiximols) and standardized to ensure quality, consistency and stability. This review examines evidence for THC:CBD oromucosal spray (nabiximols) in the management of chronic pain conditions. Cumulative evidence from clinical trials and an exploratory analysis of the German Pain e-Registry suggests that add-on THC:CBD oromucosal spray (nabiximols) may have a role in managing chronic neuropathic pain, although further precise clinical trials are required to draw definitive conclusions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.