Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32103776›Full record

SynthesisParasites & vectors2020

Mosquito-borne viral diseases in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a review.

Kennedy M Mbanzulu, Leonard E G Mboera, Flory K Luzolo, Roger Wumba, Gerald Misinzo, Sharadhuli I Kimera

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Parasites & vectors, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  7. Article
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  9. Observational
  10. Larval diet-mediated morphological trait andFrontiers in insect science · 2026
    Article
  11. Larval ecology ofCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Evidence of dengue virus transmission and a diversebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. GigaByte (Hong Kong, China) · 2025
    Article
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  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Kennedy M MbanzuluSACIDS-Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals in Eastern and Southern Africa, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania. mbanzulu.kennedy@sacids.org.
Leonard E G MboeraSACIDS-Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals in Eastern and Southern Africa, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Flory K LuzoloDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, University of Kinshasa, P.O. Box 747, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Roger WumbaDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, University of Kinshasa, P.O. Box 747, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Gerald MisinzoSACIDS-Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals in Eastern and Southern Africa, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Sharadhuli I KimeraSACIDS-Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals in Eastern and Southern Africa, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance · TZUniversity of Kinshasa · CDSokoine University of Agriculture · TZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMosquito-borne viral infections have in recent years, become a public health threat globally. This review aimed to provide an overview of the ecological and epidemiological profiles of mosquito-borne viral infections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

methodsA search of literature was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed and the WHO website using the following keywords: "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Zaire", "Belgian Congo" and either of the following: "mosquito-borne virus", "arbovirus", "yellow fever", "dengue", "chikungunya", "West Nile", "Rift Valley fever", "O'nyong'nyong", "Zika", "epidemiology", "ecology", "morbidity", "mortality". Published articles in English or French covering a period between 1912 and October 2018 were reviewed.

resultsA total of 37 articles were included in the review. The findings indicate that the burden of mosquito-borne viral infections in DRC is increasing over time and space. The north-western, north-eastern, western and central regions have the highest burden of mosquito-borne viral infections compared to south and eastern highland regions. Yellow fever, chikungunya, dengue, Zika, Rift Valley fever, West Nile and O'nyong'nyong have been reported in the country. These mosquito-borne viruses were found circulating in human, wildlife and domestic animals. Yellow fever and chikungunya outbreaks have been frequently reported. Aedes aegypti and Ae. simpsoni were documented as the main vectors of most of the mosquito-borne viral infections. Heavy rains, human movements, forest encroachment and deforestation were identified as drivers of mosquito-borne viruses occurrence in DRC.

conclusionsMosquito-borne viral infections are becoming common and a serious public health problem in DRC. In the current context of climate change, there is urgent need to improve understanding on ecological and epidemiology of the diseases and strengthen surveillance systems for prompt response to epidemics in DRC.

Indexed as

AnimalsCulicidaeDemocratic Republic of the CongoDisease OutbreaksHumansMosquito VectorsVirus DiseasesVirusesDemocratic Republic of the CongoEcologyEpidemiologyMosquito-borne viruses

Identifiers

PMID32103776
PMCPMC7045448
OpenAlexW3009049710

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.