ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
Inflammatory Phenotypes Predict Changes in Arterial Stiffness Following Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01825031 (Reduction of Early mortALITY in HIV-infected African Adults and Children Starting Antiretroviral Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Reduction of Early mortALITY in HIV-infected African Adults and Children Starting Antiretroviral Therapy: a Randomised Controlled Trial
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between HIV infection and arterial stiffness: A population-based cross-sectional study from Rakai, South Western Uganda.Atherosclerosis plus · 2026Article
- sVCAM-1 and Hematological Profiles Are Associated With CD4-Defined Disease Status in HIV Infection.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Early inflammatory profiles predict maximal disease severity in COVID-19: An unsupervised cluster analysis.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Low unspliced cell-associated HIV RNA in early treated adolescents living with HIV on long suppressive ART.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Noninvasive markers of arterial stiffness and renal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2021Article
- Inflammatory pathways amongst people living with HIV in Malawi differ according to socioeconomic status.PloS one · 2021Article
- Meta-analysis of transcriptome datasets: An alternative method to study IL-6 regulation in coronavirus disease 2019.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInflammation drives vascular dysfunction in HIV, but in low-income settings causes of inflammation are multiple, and include infectious and environmental factors. We hypothesized that patients with advanced immunosuppression could be stratified into inflammatory phenotypes that predicted changes in vascular dysfunction on ART.
methodsWe recruited Malawian adults with CD4 <100 cells/μL 2 weeks after starting ART in the REALITY trial (NCT01825031). Carotid femoral pulse-wave velocity (cfPWV) measured arterial stiffness 2, 12, 24, and 42 weeks post-ART initiation. Plasma inflammation markers were measured by electrochemiluminescence at weeks 2 and 42. Hierarchical clustering on principal components identified inflammatory clusters.
results211 participants with HIV grouped into 3 inflammatory clusters representing 51 (24%; cluster-1), 153 (73%; cluster-2), and 7 (3%; cluster-3) individuals. Cluster-1 showed markedly higher CD4 and CD8 T-cell expression of HLADR and PD-1 versus cluster-2 and cluster-3 (all P < .0001). Although small, cluster-3 had significantly higher levels of cytokines reflecting inflammation (IL-6, IFN-γ, IP-10, IL-1RA, IL-10), chemotaxis (IL-8), systemic and vascular inflammation (CRP, ICAM-1, VCAM-1), and SAA (all P < .001). In mixed-effects models, cfPWV changes over time were similar for cluster-2 versus cluster-1 (relative fold-change, 0.99; 95% CI, .86-1.14; P = .91), but greater in cluster-3 versus cluster-1 (relative fold-change, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.01-2.09; P = .045).
conclusionsTwo inflammatory clusters were identified: one defined by high T-cell PD-1 expression and another by a hyperinflamed profile and increases in cfPWV on ART. Further clinical characterization of inflammatory phenotypes could help target vascular dysfunction interventions to those at highest risk. CLINICAL TRIALS NETWORK: NCT01825031.
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