ReviewNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2020
Epithelial Toll-like receptors and their role in gut homeostasis and disease.
Review in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 223 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
223 citing papers in PubMed, 366 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of aspirin on the long-term management of depression in older people: a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Bacterial cell envelope components of gut commensals: effects in host-microbe interaction.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Virobiome-mediated regulation of microbiota-gut-brain axis signaling and neuroimmune homeostasis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Parabacteroides goldsteinii mitigates parkinsonism in LRRK2 mutant mice by reducing neuroinflammation through Gut-Brain axis.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Toll-like receptor 2 impacts small intestinal villus capillarization through epithelial dual oxidase 2.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Intestinal Epithelial MHC-II at the Interface of Microbiota, Immunity, and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota modulation of systemic immunity and cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms, evidence, and therapeutic implications.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2026Review
- Oral hydrogel systems in lower gastrointestinal disorders: From disease-based therapy to microbiota-guided design.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Gut microbe-derived short-chain fatty acids regulate alphavirus arthritis and macrophage activation in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory and Gut Microbiota-Regulating Effects of Lactobacillus helveticus LH76 in Healthy Adults: Preclinical Safety Assessment and a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Quorum-Sensing Molecules Are Elevated in Long-Standing Ulcerative Colitis and Are Linked to the Development of Colitis-Associated Cancer.Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Pomelo Peel and Soybean Meal Fermented by Three Probiotics or in Combination with Enzymes: A Comparative Study on growth, Immunity and Intestinal Health of Larimichthys crocea.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Triple-emulsion microfluidic Core-Shell hydrogel microcapsules for oral pentoxifylline Delivery: Ameliorating colitis and rebalancing gut microbiome.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Towards microbiome-informed strategies for predicting and preventing pregnancy complications.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory Role of Milk on Gut Microbiota: Implications for Enhancing Oral Vaccine Efficacy.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Physiological interplay among obesity, male fertility, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor in human and mice: A mini review.Open veterinary journal · 2026Review
- Rubber seed cake supplementation alters meat quality, intestinal health, and gut microbiota in Hu sheep.Animal microbiome · 2026Article
- Toll signaling controls stem cell proliferation in intestinal regeneration and tumorigenesis.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Intestinal epithelial TLR5 signaling promotes barrier-supportive macrophages.Science immunology · 2026Article
163 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract is colonized by trillions of microorganisms that interact with the host to maintain structural and functional homeostasis. Acting as the interface between the site of the highest microbial burden in the human body and the richest immune compartment, a single layer of intestinal epithelial cells specializes in nutrient absorption, stratifies microorganisms to limit colonization of tissues and shapes the responses of the subepithelial immune cells. In this Review, we focus on the expression, regulation and functions of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the different intestinal epithelial lineages to analyse how epithelial recognition of bacteria participates in establishing homeostasis in the gut. In particular, we elaborate on the involvement of epithelial TLR signalling in controlling crypt dynamics, enhancing epithelial barrier integrity and promoting immune tolerance towards the gut microbiota. Furthermore, we comment on the regulatory mechanisms that fine-tune TLR-driven immune responses towards pathogens and revisit the role of TLRs in epithelial repair after injury. Finally, we discuss how dysregulation of epithelial TLRs can lead to the generation of dysbiosis, thereby increasing susceptibility to colitis and tumorigenesis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.