ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Serum Levels and Removal by Haemodialysis and Haemodiafiltration of Tryptophan-Derived Uremic Toxins in ESKD Patients.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbial tryptophan metabolites modulate blood-brain and gut barriersNeuroscience applied · 2026Article
- Intradialytic optical assessment of C-mannosyl tryptophan removal using spent dialysate.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Trained immunity: from kidney failure to organ transplantation.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Article
- The Choice of Anti-Inflammatory Influences the Elimination of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins.Toxins · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- The AKI-to-CKD Transition: The Role of Uremic Toxins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Time-averaged concentration estimation of uraemic toxins with different removal kinetics: a novel approach based on intradialytic spent dialysate measurements.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Article
- Decreasing microbiota-derived uremic toxins to improve CKD outcomes.Clinical kidney journal · 2022Review
- Indole-3-acetic acid correlates with monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (MHR) in chronic kidney disease patients.International urology and nephrology · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tryptophan is an essential dietary amino acid that originates uremic toxins that contribute to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patient outcomes. We evaluated serum levels and removal during haemodialysis and haemodiafiltration of tryptophan and tryptophan-derived uremic toxins, indoxyl sulfate (IS) and indole acetic acid (IAA), in ESKD patients in different dialysis treatment settings. This prospective multicentre study in four European dialysis centres enrolled 78 patients with ESKD. Blood and spent dialysate samples obtained during dialysis were analysed with high-performance liquid chromatography to assess uremic solutes, their reduction ratio (RR) and total removed solute (TRS). Mean free serum tryptophan and IS concentrations increased, and concentration of IAA decreased over pre-dialysis levels (67%, 49%, -0.8%, respectively) during the first hour of dialysis. While mean serum total urea, IS and IAA concentrations decreased during dialysis (-72%, -39%, -43%, respectively), serum tryptophan levels increased, resulting in negative RR (-8%) towards the end of the dialysis session (
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Registered trials
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