ArticleBMC pediatrics2020
Muscle building supplement use in Australian adolescent boys: relationships with body image, weight lifting, and sports engagement.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Creatine supplementation and the young kidney.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use in Australian Adolescents.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Muscle-building supplement use is associated with muscle dysmorphia symptomatology among Canadian adolescents and young adults.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- Editorial: Athlete vulnerabilities and doping.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Article
- Gendered perspectives on women's anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) usage practices.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- Nutritional Recommendations for the Young Athlete.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2023Review
- Appearance and performance factors associated with muscle building supplement use and favourable attitudes towards anabolic steroids in adolescent boys.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- A quantitative analysis of factors which influence supplement use and doping among adolescent athletes in New Zealand.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023Article
- Correlates of weight-related self-monitoring application use during emerging adulthood in a population-based sample.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2022Article
- The Healthy Body Image Intervention and Reduction in Eating Disorder Symptomatology and Muscle Building Supplement Use in High School Students: A Study of Mediating Factors.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Motivators of Indiscriminate and Unsafe Supplement Use among Young Australians.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Creatine Supplementation in Children and Adolescents.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Protein, Creatine, and Dieting Supplements Among Adolescents: Use and Associations With Eating Disorder Risk Factors, Exercise-, and Sports Participation, and Immigrant Status.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe extent and implications of muscle building protein supplement use among adolescents is relatively unknown. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of protein powder, creatine, and anabolic steroid use in a sample of 14-16 year-old boys in Australia, and the predictors of actual use, and intentions to use protein powder.
methodsData were obtained from questionnaires with Australian adolescent boys aged 14-16 years from one independent boy's school in Melbourne (N = 237). Hierarchical linear and logistic regressions were used to determine the predictors of intentions, and actual use of protein powder.
results49.8% of boys reported current use of, and 62% intended to use protein powder; 8.4% used creatine, and 4.2% used anabolic steroids. Higher levels of drive for muscularity, participation in weight training, and playing a greater number of sports were significant predictors of higher current use and intentions to use protein powder, but age, BMI, body esteem, and ethnicity were not.
conclusionsPrevalence of muscle building supplement use was relatively high among this adolescent population. This research has implications for intervention and prevention programs to educate young boys about muscle building supplements to reduce negative physical and psychological health effects of their use.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.