ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2020
Improving Complementary Food Hygiene Behaviors Using the Risk, Attitude, Norms, Ability, and Self-Regulation Approach in Rural Malawi.
Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating effectiveness of protective interventions towards environmental contamination among under-five children: systematic review and meta-analysis in Africa.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- A community-level complementary-food safety and hygiene intervention improves family-food preparation behaviours in rural Gambia: a follow-up of a cluster randomised controlled trial.BMJ global health · 2026Trial
- Effect of Behavior Change Intervention on Complementary Food Contamination in Rural Bangladesh: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Trial
- Effect of a Homestead Food Production and Food Hygiene Intervention on Biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction in Children Younger Than 24 Months in Rural Bangladesh: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Trial
- Health Outcomes of an Integrated Behaviour-Centred Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Food Safety Intervention-A Randomised before and after Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- Contribution of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Facilities to Maternal Hygiene Practices During Complementary Feeding in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Health science reports · 2026Review
- Interventions for enhancing child survival practices among caregivers of under-five children in Sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Exploring Hygiene Behaviours Among Child Caregivers in Rural Malawi Using Multilevel Logistic Models.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Risk Perception and Psychosocial Factors Influencing Exposure to Antimicrobial Resistance through Environmental Pathways in Malawi.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Absorbent hygiene products disposal behaviour in informal settlements: identifying determinants and underlying mechanisms in Durban, South Africa.BMC public health · 2024Article
- A Mixed Methods Process Evaluation of a Food Hygiene Intervention in Low-Income Informal Neighbourhoods of Kisumu, Kenya.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Article
- Water and Handwashing in a Drought-Prone Region of Southern Niger: How Environment, Household Infrastructure, and Exposure to Social and Behavior Change Messages Interact.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Successful management of a breastfeeding mother with severe eczema of the nipple beginning from puberty: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2022Article
- Determinants of food preparation and hygiene practices among caregivers of children under two in Western Kenya: a formative research study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Does Poor Mental Health Impair the Effectiveness of Complementary Food Hygiene Behavior Change Intervention in Rural Malawi?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Process Evaluation of "The Hygienic Family" Intervention: A Community-Based Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Project in Rural Malawi.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Exploring the Influence of Social Norms on Complementary Feeding: A Scoping Review of Observational, Intervention, and Effectiveness Studies.Current developments in nutrition · 2021Article
- Benefits and Risks of Smallholder Livestock Production on Child Nutrition in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Review
- Perspectives and Practices on Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene from a Fishing Community along Lake Malombe, Southern Malawi.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Environmental health practitioners: a key cadre in the control of COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa.BMJ global health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The study evaluated the effectiveness of an intervention to improve complementary food hygiene behaviors among child caregivers in rural Malawi. Formative research and intervention development was grounded in the risk, attitude, norms, ability, and self-regulation (RANAS) model and targeted washing hands and kitchen utensils with soap, safe utensil storage, reheating of leftover food, and feeding of children by caregivers. Longitudinal research was applied at baseline and follow-up surveys among 320 caregivers. Determinants of selected behaviors were found, and interventions were developed based on the behavior change techniques aligned with these determinants in the RANAS model. The intervention was delivered over 9 months through group (cluster) meetings and household visits and included demonstrations, games, rewards, and songs. We randomly assigned villages to the control or intervention group. Follow-up results indicated a significant increase in three targeted behaviors (washing kitchen utensils with soap, safe utensil storage, and handwashing with soap) among intervention recipients. Several psychosocial factors differed significantly between the intervention and control groups. Mediation results showed that the intervention had a significant effect on these three targeted behaviors. For handwashing, feelings, others' behavior in the household, and remembering; for washing kitchen utensils, others' behavior in the household and difficulty to get enough soap; for safe utensils storage, others' behavior in the village and remembering mediated the effect of the intervention on the targeted behaviors. The study demonstrated that targeting food hygiene behaviors with a theory-driven behavior change approach using psychosocial factors can improve the behavior of child caregivers in rural Malawi.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.