Observational studyJournal of neurology2020
Pregnancy outcomes in interferon-beta-exposed patients with multiple sclerosis: results from the European Interferon-beta Pregnancy Registry.
Observational study in Journal of neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal and Fetal Outcomes After Interferon Exposure During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2021Pooled it
- Integrative Transcriptomics Uncovers IFN-β Signature and IFITM3 as Putative Molecular Mediator in MS.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- [Clinical and obstetric characteristics in women with multiple sclerosis during pregnancy].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2026Article
- Building Towards Initiation, Moderation, De-Escalation and Cessation of Disease-Modifying Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis in Greece: An Expert Panel Consensus Meeting.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Cumulative six-year safety outcomes of glatiramer acetate exposure during pregnancy and breastfeeding.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanistic Considerations Across Relapsing and Progressive Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multiple Sclerosis in Women: Impact of Different Life Stages on Treatment Decisions.CNS drugs · 2026Review
- Patient-centered pregnancy planning in multiple sclerosis: evidence for a new era.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2024Review
- Twenty Years of Subcutaneous Interferon-Beta-1a for Multiple Sclerosis: Contemporary Perspectives.Neurology and therapy · 2024Review
- Analysis of Pregnancy Outcomes Following Exposure to Intramuscular Interferon Beta-1a: The AVONEXDrugs - real world outcomes · 2023Article
- Assisted Reproductive Technology and Disease Management in Infertile Women with Multiple Sclerosis.CNS drugs · 2023Review
- Exposure to medication for neurological disease in pregnancy - time to consider the long-term implications?EClinicalMedicine · 2023Review
- Rubella virus infection in endothelial cells reduces angiogenesis via interferon beta-induced CXCL10.iScience · 2023Article
- Natural variation in gene expression and viral susceptibility revealed by neural progenitor cell villages.Cell stem cell · 2023Article
- Pregnancy outcomes after early fetal exposure to injectable first-line treatments, dimethyl fumarate, or natalizumab in Danish women with multiple sclerosis.European journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Pregnancy outcomes in female multiple sclerosis patients exposed to intramuscular interferon beta-1a or peginterferon beta-1a reported in a German Patient Support Programme - results from the non-interventional post-authorization safety study PRIMA.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2023Article
- Article
- The Rate of Hospitalization of Pregnant Women with Multiple Sclerosis in Poland.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Effectiveness and safety of available treatments for COVID-19 during pregnancy: a critical review.The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians · 2022Review
- The impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy and therapeutic drug development.British journal of pharmacology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFamily planning is an important consideration for women with multiple sclerosis (MS), who are often diagnosed during their reproductive years. Currently, limited data are available on pregnancy outcomes in patients exposed to interferon-beta (IFN-beta) before or during pregnancy. Here, we present the cumulative pregnancy exposure data and prevalence of pregnancy and infant outcomes in IFN-beta-exposed pregnant women with MS from the European IFN-beta Pregnancy Registry.
methodsUsing spontaneous and solicited reports, the registry collected data from 26 countries of the European Economic Area, consisting of information on women with MS identifying themselves to one of the Marketing Authorisation Holders (Bayer, Biogen, Merck KGaA, and Novartis) or healthcare professionals as pregnant and exposed to IFN-beta during pregnancy or within 1 month before conception. The outcomes collected by the registry included ectopic pregnancies, spontaneous abortions, elective terminations, live, and stillbirths with or without congenital anomalies. The prevalence of pregnancy outcomes was put in context with those reported in the general population.
resultsBetween 2009 and 2017, the registry collected 948 pregnancy reports with a known pregnancy outcome. Overall, 82.0% (777/948) of pregnancies resulted in live birth without congenital anomaly. When comparing IFN-beta-exposed pregnancies with the general population, the prevalence of spontaneous abortions (10.7% vs. 10-21%) and congenital anomalies in live births (2.1% vs. 2.1-4.1%) were found to be within reported ranges.
conclusionsThe data gathered from these pregnancy cases suggest no evidence that IFN-beta exposure before conception and/or during pregnancy adversely increases the rate of congenital anomalies or spontaneous abortions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.