ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2020
Prospective Pilot Study of Cyclophosphamide as an Adjunct Treatment in Patients With Adult-Onset Immunodeficiency Associated With Anti-interferon-γ Autoantibodies.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies syndrome and opportunistic infections: systematic literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Characteristics and Outcomes of Anti-interferon Gamma Antibody-Associated Adult Onset Immunodeficiency.Journal of clinical immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Pathogen spectrum and immunotherapy in patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies: A multicenter retrospective study and systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Identification and characterization of bone marrow plasma cells producing IFN-γ-neutralizing autoantibodies in adult-onset immunodeficiency.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Azathioprine for remission maintenance in anti-interferon-γ autoantibody-associated immunodeficiency syndrome- a retrospective single-center cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- Article
- Anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies: immunopathogenesis, diagnostic innovation, and emerging therapeutic strategies in an adult-onset immunodeficiency.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Case Report: DisseminatedFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Clinical course and outcomes of patients with anti-interferon-gamma autoantibody-associated adult-onset immunodeficiency: an observational cohort study.Annals of medicine · 2025Observational
- Central nervous system infections in patients with anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies: case series and review of the literature.BMC neurology · 2025Review
- Clinical characteristics of acquired anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies in patients infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria: a prospective cohort study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- A patient with positive anti-IFN-γ autoantibody and monoclonal gammaglobulinemia masquerading as multiple myeloma: Case report and literature review.Clinical case reports · 2024Article
- Multiple intracellular pathogen infections with ocular pathologies associated with adult-onset immunodeficiency due to anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Case report: Systemic multi-organ involvement in an adult-onset immunodeficiency patient infected withFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Anticytokine Autoantibodies in Infectious Diseases: A Practical Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Health related quality of life in anti interferon γ autoantibody associated immunodeficiency syndrome measured with EQ5D5L and SF36.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Anticytokine Autoantibodies and Fungal Infections.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- MixedRespirology case reports · 2023Article
- Intravenous Cyclophosphamide Therapy for Anti-IFN-γ Autoantibody-AssociatedOpen forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Periocular Infection ofMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAdult-onset immunodeficiency associated with interferon-γ autoantibody (IGA) is an emerging disease. The majority of patients require both antimicrobial and immunosuppressive treatments. However, anti-CD20 therapy is not fully accessible in a resource-limited setting to date.
backgroundThe objectives of this work were to study the efficacy of cyclophosphamide treatment and the role of laboratory biomarkers for disease progression monitoring.
methodsA prospective pilot cohort study was conducted among patients with anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies (IGA) who had recurrent infections and required long-term antimicrobial therapy between 2015 and 2018. The patients were categorized into 2 groups: receipt of intravenous cyclophosphamide (IVCY) and receipt of anti-CD20 therapy (RTX). Clinical and laboratory data were determined.
resultsA total of 17 IGA patients were enrolled. Prolonged fever was the most common manifestation, and the most common infection identified was nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. Both were found in 88.24% of all patients.After completion of IVCY, 9/11 patients achieved complete remission and tended to reach remission faster compared with individuals in the RTX group. The median duration from treatment initiation to remission (interquartile range) was 84 (42-154) days in the IVCY group and 99 (51-202) days in the RTX group. In remission patients, the biomarkers of interest had normalized after treatment, except interferon γ autoantibody titers. There were no differences in adverse events among the 2 groups.
conclusionIVCY may be considered as alternative therapy in this population, especially in resource-limited countries. A comparable clinical outcome to RTX may support its use on a larger scale. However, further study is encouraged.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.