ReviewTropical medicine and health2020
Childhood tuberculosis treatment outcome and its association with HIV co-infection in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Tropical medicine and health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors and mortality rates for children co-infected with HIV and TB in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International health · 2026Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of TB & HIV co-infection mortality rate in sub-Saharan African children, youth, and adolescents.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of childhood tuberculosis in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Tuberculosis-associated mortality and risk factors for HIV-infected population in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome and Predictors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Clinical Outcomes in Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treated for Nonsevere Tuberculosis in the SHINE Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- Paediatric tuberculosis treatment outcomes: a retrospective study at the Komfo Anokye teaching hospital in Ghana, 2014-2025.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Factors associated with unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcome in children in four provinces of Mozambique: a retrospective cohort study, 2018-2021.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- High levels of unfavourable treatment outcomes in children with drug-sensitive TB in Sierra Leone.Public health action · 2026Article
- Factors Associated with Parental Involvement in Efforts to Prevent Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Children: A Scoping Review.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Predictors of nutritional recovery among undernourished adults on antiretroviral therapy treated with ready-to-use therapeutic food at public health facilities in Southeast Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Prevalence and predictors of unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcomes among persons with TB/HIV co-infection in Ghana: a 10-year retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Mortality and loss to follow-up among Tuberculosis patients on treatment in Meru County, Kenya: a retrospective cohort study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Proportion of active tuberculosis among HIV-infected children after antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Childhood tuberculosis outcomes and factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes in selected public hospitals of Lusaka Zambia from 2015 to 2019.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Patterns of childhood tuberculosis diagnosis in Ethiopia: A multicenter cross-sectional study.Research square · 2023Article
- Article
- Pediatric tuberculosis outcomes and factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes in Botswana, 2008-2019: a retrospective analysis.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Treatment Response in Pediatric Pulmonary Tuberculosis-A Prospective Longitudinal Study.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2022Article
- Epidemiology of Pediatric Tuberculosis and Factors Associated with Unsuccessful Treatment Outcomes in the Centre Region of Cameroon: A Three-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTuberculosis is the second leading cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide, next to HIV. Hence, initiating and determining the national tuberculosis treatment program and outcome is crucial. However, the childhood tuberculosis treatment outcome in Ethiopia was not investigated.
objectiveThis study determined the pooled estimate of childhood tuberculosis treatment outcome and its association with HIV co-infection.
methodsPubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, reference lists of included studies, and Ethiopian institutional research repositories were used to retrieve all available studies. Searching was limited to the studies that had been conducted in Ethiopia and published in the English language. In this study, observational studies, including cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies, were included. The estimate of childhood tuberculosis treatment outcome was determined using a weighted inverse variance random-effects model. The overall variation between studies was checked by the heterogeneity test (
resultTo estimate the overall pooled estimate of successful treatment outcome, 6 studies with 5389 participants were considered. Consequently, the overall pooled estimate of successful treatment outcome was 79.62% (95% CI 73.22, 86.02) of which 72.44% was treatment completed. On the other hand, unsuccessful treatment outcomes, including treatment failure, defaulter, and death, were 0.15%, 5.36%, and 3.54%, respectively. Moreover, this study found that HIV co-infection was significantly associated with childhood tuberculosis treatment outcomes. Poor treatment outcome was higher among children with HIV co-infection with an odds ratio of 3.15 (95% CI 1.67, 5.94) compared to that of HIV-negative children.
conclusionThe summary estimate of successful childhood tuberculosis treatment outcome was low compared to the threshold suggested by the World Health Organization. HIV co-infection is significantly associated with poor treatment outcome of childhood tuberculosis. Therefore, special attention is better to be given to children infected with HIV. Moreover, adherence to anti-TB has to be strengthened.
trial registrationThe protocol has been registered in PROSPERO with a registration number of CRD42018110570.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.