ReviewHeart (British Cardiac Society)2020
Optimum nutritional strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention and rehabilitation (BACPR).
Review in Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Recommendations for Ethiopians on the Basis of Priority Diet-Related Diseases and Causes of Death in Ethiopia: An Umbrella Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- The Role of Dietary Education in Cardiac Rehabilitation.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Effects of Protein Intake on Cognitive Function in Chinese Older Adults: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Advances in cardiovascular supplementation: mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical perspectives.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Review
- Association between egg consumption and major and minor ischemia changes on electrocardiogram: A population-based study.ARYA atherosclerosis · 2025Article
- The association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and its components with cardiovascular disease risk: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- The Gut-Heart Axis: Molecular Perspectives and Implications for Myocardial Infarction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Provision of dietary education in UK-based cardiac rehabilitation: a cross-sectional survey conducted in conjunction with the British Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation.The British journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Impact of Fish Intake Frequency on Cardiovascular Disease-Specific Survival in Hemodialysis Patients.JMA journal · 2024Article
- Fatty Acids Intake in Cardiovascular Prevention: The Incessant Search for Adequacy.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2024Article
- Cardio4Health Study, a Cardiac Telerehabilitation Pilot Program Aimed at Patients After an Ischemic Event: Cross-sectional Study.JMIR cardio · 2023Article
- PROTEIN AI Advisor: A Knowledge-Based Recommendation Framework Using Expert-Validated Meals for Healthy Diets.Nutrients · 2022Article
- A Contemporary Review of the Effects of Exercise Training on Cardiac Structure and Function and Cardiovascular Risk Profile: Insights From Imaging.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Article
- Daily Vegetables Intake and Response to COPD Rehabilitation. The Role of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and DNA Damage.Nutrients · 2021Observational
- Review
- Review
- Opportunities to Improve Quality Outcomes: Integrating Nutrition Care Into Medicare Advantage to Address Malnutrition and Support Social Determinants of Health.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
- Individualised Empowerment in Secondary Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: A Qualitative Study.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nutrition has a central role in both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease yet only relatively recently has food been regarded as a treatment, rather than as an adjunct to established medical and pharmacotherapy. As a field of research, nutrition science is constantly evolving making it difficult for patients and practitioners to ascertain best practice. This is compounded further by the inherent difficulties in performing double-blind randomised controlled trials. This paper covers dietary patterns that are associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes, including the Mediterranean Diet but also low-carbohydrate diets and the potential issues encountered with their implementation. We suggest there must be a refocus away from macronutrients and consideration of whole foods when advising individuals. This approach is fundamental to practice, as clinical guidelines have focused on macronutrients without necessarily considering their source, and ultimately people consume foods containing multiple nutrients. The inclusion of food-based recommendations aids the practitioner to help the patient make genuine and meaningful changes in their diet. We advocate that the cardioprotective diet constructed around the traditional Mediterranean eating pattern (based around vegetables and fruits, nuts, legumes, and unrefined cereals, with modest amounts of fish and shellfish, and fermented dairy products) is still important. However, there are other approaches that can be tried, including low-carbohydrate diets. We encourage practitioners to adopt a flexible dietary approach, being mindful of patient preferences and other comorbidities that may necessitate deviations away from established advice, and advocate for more dietitians in this field to guide the multi-professional team.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.