ArticleResearch in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP2020
Disparities in the appropriateness of medication use: Analysis of the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) population-based cohort study.
Article in Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) in older people and its association with socioeconomic deprivation-a systematic review and narrative synthesis.BMC geriatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Machine learning evaluation of racial and ethnic inclusion under alternative cost-based approaches to Medicare Medication Therapy Management eligibility.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- Polypharmacy and Potentially Inappropriate Medication in Iranian People With Metabolic Syndrome: Epidemiological Aspects and Related Factors, a Multi-Level Cross-Sectional National Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Association Between Race and Length of Stay Among Stroke Patients: The National US Emergency Departments Data Set.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Disparities in all-cause mortality with potentially inappropriate medication use: Analysis of the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhAArticle
- Racial and ethnic disparities associated with the measure for drug-drug interactions among Medicare beneficiaries.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhAArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrior work has identified disparities in the quality and outcomes of healthcare across socioeconomic subgroups. Medication use may be subject to similar disparities.
objectiveTo assess the association between demographic and socioeconomic factors (gender, age, race, income, education, and rural or urban residence) and appropriateness of medication use.
methodsUS adults aged ≥45 years (n = 26,798) from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study were included in the analyses, of which 13,623 participants aged ≥65 years (recruited 2003-2007). Potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in older adults and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) were identified through 2015 Beers Criteria and clinically significant drug interactions list by Ament et al., respectively as measures of medication appropriateness. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association of disparity parameters with PIM use and DDIs. Interactions between race and other disparity variables were investigated.
resultsApproximately 87% of the participants aged ≥65 years used at least one drug listed in the Beers Criteria, and 3.8% of all participants used two or more drugs with DDIs. Significant gender-race interaction across prescription-only drug users revealed that white females compared with white males (OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.20-1.48) and black males compared with white males (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.41-1.82) were more likely to receive PIM. Individuals with lower income and education also were more likely to use PIM in this sub-group. Females were less likely than males (female vs. male: OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.48-0.63) and individuals resided in small rural areas as opposed to urban areas (small rural vs. urban: OR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.07-1.76) were more likely to have DDIs.
conclusionDemographic and socioeconomic disparities in PIM use and DDIs exist. Future studies should seek to better understand factors contributing to the disparities in order to guide development of interventions.
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