ArticleJournal of translational medicine2020
Oral typhoid vaccine Ty21a elicits antigen-specific resident memory CD4
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Harnessing mucosal immunity for protective vaccines.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Immunological memory to vaccines.Immunity · 2026Review
- Research progress on immunoprotective mechanisms of enteric fever and vaccine development.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Current Applications and Immunological Considerations ofMicroorganisms · 2026Review
- Evaluation of immunogenicity and protective efficacy of Salmonella Gallinarum knockout purB mutant strain in chicken.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Blades and barriers: Oral vaccines for conquering cancers and warding off infectious diseases.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Role of circulating T follicular helper subsets following Ty21a immunization and oral challenge with wild typeFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The role of tissue resident memory CD4 T cells in Salmonella infection: Implications for future vaccines.Vaccine · 2023Review
- The Role of Mucoadhesion and Mucopenetration in the Immune Response Induced by Polymer-Based Mucosal Adjuvants.Polymers · 2023Review
- Evaluation ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of nanoparticle formulations of L-SseB againstFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Dithranol as novel co-adjuvant for non-invasive dermal vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2022Article
- Controlled human infectious models, a path forward in uncovering immunological correlates of protection: Lessons from enteric fevers studies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- An Overview of Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in the Intestine: From Physiological Functions to Pathological Mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- T-Cell Cytokine Response inVaccines · 2021Article
- Age-dependency of terminal ileum tissue resident memory T cell responsiveness profiles to S. Typhi following oral Ty21a immunization in humans.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2021Article
- B and T Cell Immunity in Tissues and Across the Ages.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Vaccination and Infection of Swine WithFrontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Total Recall: Intestinal TFrontiers in immunology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSalmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) is a highly invasive bacterium that infects the human intestinal mucosa and causes ~ 11.9-20.6 million infections and ~ 130,000-223,000 deaths annually worldwide. Oral typhoid vaccine Ty21a confers a moderate level of long-lived protection (5-7 years) in the field. New and improved vaccines against enteric pathogens are needed but their development is hindered by a lack of the immunological correlates of protection especially at the site of infection. Tissue resident memory T (T
methodsTerminal ileum biopsies were obtained from consenting volunteers undergoing routine colonoscopy who were either immunized orally with 4 doses of Ty21a or not. Isolated lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) CD4+T
resultsAlthough the frequencies of LPMC CD103+ CD4+T
conclusionsOral Ty21a-immunization elicits distinct compartment specific immune responses in CD4+T
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.