Observational studyInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Identification of MOR-Positive B Cell as Possible Innovative Biomarker (Mu Lympho-Marker) for Chronic Pain Diagnosis in Patients with Fibromyalgia and Osteoarthritis Diseases.
Observational study in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Does Vitamin D Supplementation Impact Fibromyalgia-Related Pain? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Modulation of Mu-Opioid Receptor Expression and Functional Impairment of Natural Killer Cells in Neuropathic Pain: Implications for Biomarker Discovery and Personalized Therapies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota in Adults with Chronic Widespread Pain: A Systematic Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Proteomic analysis of plasma proteins during fentanyl withdrawal in ovariectomized female rats with and without estradiol.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Mu-opioid receptor expression on B cells as a potential biomarker for chronic pain: a follow-up study with patients with fibromyalgia.Pain reports · 2025Article
- Genetics- and age-driven neuroimmune and disc changes underscore herniation susceptibility and pain-associated behaviors in SM/J mice.Science advances · 2025Article
- Article
- A Comprehensive Analysis of Fibromyalgia and the Role of the Endogenous Opioid System.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Role of Vitamin D Status and Alterations in Gut Microbiota Metabolism in Fibromyalgia-Associated Chronic Inflammatory Pain.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Chronic Pain and Substance Use Disorders: A Brief Narrative Review of Genetic, Neurobiological, and Environmental Contributions to Comorbidity.Journal of psychiatry and brain science · 2025Article
- Risk of infections among persons treated with opioids for chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Neural and immune roles in osteoarthritis pain: Mechanisms and intervention strategies.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2024Review
- Nalmefene, an opioid receptor modulator, aggravates atherosclerotic plaque formation in apolipoprotein E knockout mice by enhancing oxidized low-density lipoprotein uptake in macrophages.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2024Article
- Opioids and Cancer: Current Understanding and Clinical Considerations.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Review
- Inflammation, Autoimmunity, and Infection in Fibromyalgia: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- An Italian Survey and Focus Groups on Fibromyalgia Impairment: Impact on Work and Possible Reasonable Accommodations.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Pain Biomarkers in Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Current Understanding and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Fibromyalgia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Interaction: A Possible Role for Gut Microbiota and Gut-Brain Axis.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- An Observational Study on Chronic Pain Biomarkers in Fibromyalgia and Osteoarthritis Patients: Which Role for Mu Opioid Receptor's Expression on NK Cells?Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Opioids in Patients with Solid Tumours: Is Their Association Safe? A Systematic Literature Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) diagnosis follows the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria, based on clinical evaluation and written questionnaires without any objective diagnostic tool. The lack of specific biomarkers is a tragic aspect for FM and chronic pain diseases in general. Interestingly, the endogenous opioid system is close to the immune one because of the expression of opioid receptors on lymphocytes membrane. Here we analyzed the role of the Mu opioid receptor on B lymphocytes as a specific biomarker for FM and osteoarthritis (OA) patients. We enrolled three groups of females: FM patients, OA patients (chronic pain control group) and healthy subjects (pain-free negative control group). We collected blood samples to apply immunophenotyping analysis. Written tests were administrated for psychological analysis. Data were statistically analyzed. Final results showed that the percentage of Mu-positive B cells were statistically lower in FM and OA patients than in pain-free subjects. A low expression of Mu-positive B cell was not associated with the psychological characteristics investigated. In conclusion, here we propose the percentage of Mu-positive B cells as a biological marker for an objective diagnosis of chronic pain suffering patients, also contributing to the legitimacy of FM as a truly painful disease.
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