Trial reportInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
PTEN Expression as a Complementary Biomarker for Mismatch Repair Testing in Breast Cancer.
Trial report in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of recommendations on screening strategies for breast cancer due to hereditary predisposition: Who, When, and How?Cancer medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Targeting Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Deleted on Chromosome 10q23.3 (PTEN) as a Potential Theragnostic Biomarker in Tumors.Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery · 2026Article
- Decoding the relationships among miRNA, HPV infection, and tumor suppressor gene expression in breast cancer patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Immunohistochemistry for PTEN testing in HR +/HER2- metastatic breast cancer.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Review
- A retrospective analysis suggests PTEN expression is associated with favorable clinicopathological features of breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- The molecular landscape of breast mucoepidermoid carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Predicting breast cancer-specific survival in metaplastic breast cancer patients using machine learning algorithms.Journal of pathology informatics · 2023Article
- Osteoclast-like stromal giant cells in breast cancer likely belong to the spectrum of immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: The Search for the Optimal Biomarker.Biomarker insights · 2022Review
- Combined analysis of PTEN, HER2, and hormone receptors status: remodeling breast cancer risk profiling.BMC cancer · 2021Article
- Mismatch repair-deficient hormone receptor-positive breast cancers: Biology and pathological characterization.Cancer cell international · 2021Review
- Commentary: Mismatch Repair Deficiency and Microsatellite Instability in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study of 440 Patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Present and Future of Anti-Glioblastoma Therapies: A Deep Look into Molecular Dependencies/Features.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- PTEN Function at the Interface between Cancer and Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Response to Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Mismatch repair testing in breast cancer: the path to tumor-specific immuno-oncology biomarkers.Translational cancer research · 2020Article
- Review
- Biomarkers for precision immunotherapy in the metastatic setting: hope or reality?Ecancermedicalscience · 2020Review
- DNA Mismatch Repair System Imbalances in Breast Adenocarcinoma.Cancer diagnosis & prognosisReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mismatch repair (MMR) analysis in breast cancer may help to inform immunotherapy decisions but it lacks breast-specific guidelines. Unlike in other neoplasms, MMR protein loss shows intra-tumor heterogeneity and it is not mirrored by microsatellite instability in the breast. Additional biomarkers can improve MMR clinical testing. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) inactivation is an early oncogenic event that is associated with MMR deficiency (dMMR) in several tumors. Here, we sought to characterize the diagnostic utility of PTEN expression analysis for MMR status assessment in breast cancer. A total of 608 breast cancers were profiled for their MMR and PTEN status. Proteins expression and distribution were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarrays and confirmed on full sections; PTEN copy number alterations were detected using a real-time PCR assay. Overall, 78 (12.8%) cases were MMR-heterogeneous (hMMR), while all patterns of PTEN expression showed no intra-tumor heterogeneity. Wild-type PTEN expression was observed in 15 (18.5%) dMMR tumors (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.