ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2020
A Population-Based Study of Diabetes During Pregnancy in Spain (2009-2015): Trends in Incidence, Obstetric Interventions, and Pregnancy Outcomes.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- The prevalence of mental health-related multimorbidity during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review to Compare Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Pregestational Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Probiotics for preventing gestational diabetes.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Risk of adverse maternal outcomes among pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus in Ontario, Canada, 2012-2020: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Impact of Automated Insulin Delivery on Glycemic Profile and Maternal/Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnancy: A Review of the Evidence From Observational Studies.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2026Review
- Comprehensive Review of Gestational Diabetes: Pathophysiology, Pharmacological Management and the Role of Pharmaceutical Care.Current drug safety · 2026Review
- Pregestational Diabetes Mellitus and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Pregestational Diabetes and Adverse Pregnancy Results: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Archives of Iranian medicine · 2025Article
- Addressing the Emotional Side of Diabetes During Pregnancy: A Scoping Review With Implications for Intervention.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025Article
- Perinatal Diabetes Care.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025Article
- Pregnancy Outcomes and Maternal Characteristics in Women with Pregestational and Gestational Diabetes: A Population-Based Study in Spain, 2016-2022.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Pregnancy outcomes in type 2 versus type 1 diabetes: systematic review with meta-analyses.Endocrine connections · 2024Article
- Prematurity and congenital malformations differ according to the type of pregestational diabetes.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Observational
- Eveningness and preeclampsia in gestational diabetes - a response to the letter "Chronotype of pregnant women with diabetes mellitus: what is the relationship with maternal and fetal outcomes".Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Evaluating the effect of maternal non-communicable disease on adverse pregnancy outcomes and birthweight in Pakistan, a facility based retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Supporting self-management in women with pre-existing diabetes in pregnancy: a mixed-methods sequential comparative case study.BMC nursing · 2024Article
- Intuitive eating was associated with anxiety, depression, pregnancy weight and blood glucose in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective longitudinal study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Understanding the self-management experiences and support needs during pregnancy among women with pre-existing diabetes: a qualitative descriptive study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Evolution of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus across Continents in 21st Century.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
(1) Background: We examined trends in incidence and outcomes in women with existing type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared with a control group without diabetes. (2) Methods: This was an observational, retrospective epidemiological study using the National Hospital Discharge Database. (3) Results: There were 2,481,479 deliveries in Spain between 2009 and 2015 (5561 mothers with T1DM, 4391 with T2DM, and 130,980 with GDM). Incidence and maternal age of existing diabetes and GDM increased over time. Women with T2DM were more likely to have obstetric comorbidity (70.12%) than those with GDM (60.28%), T1DM (59.45%), and no diabetes (41.82%). Previous cesarean delivery, preeclampsia, smoking, hypertension, and obesity were the most prevalent risk factors in all types of diabetes. Women with T1DM had the highest rate of cesarean delivery (Risk Ratio (RR) 2.34; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 2.26-2.43) and prolonged maternal length of stay. Labor induction was higher in T2DM (RR 1.99; 95% CI 1.89-2.10). Women with T1DM had more severe maternal morbidity (RR 1.97; 95% CI 1.70-2.29) and neonatal morbidity (preterm birth, RR 3.32; 95% CI 3.14-3.51, and fetal overgrowth, RR 8.05; 95% CI 7.41-8.75). (4) Conclusions: existing and GDM incidence has increased over time. We found differences in the prevalence of comorbidities, obstetric risk factors, and the rate of adverse obstetric outcomes among women with different types of diabetes. Pregnant women with diabetes have the highest risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.