ArticleCyberpsychology, behavior and social networking2020
Longitudinal Associations Between Early Childhood Externalizing Behavior, Parenting Stress, and Child Media Use.
Article in Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Screen Use, Child Development and Family Involvement in Children Aged 2-7 Years: A Systematic Review.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2026Pooled it
- Transactional Pathways from Early Externalizing Behavior to Adolescent Delinquency: The Roles of Father Engagement and Parenting Aggravation.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2026Article
- Parent personality, child temperament, and digital media: Pathways to language development in early childhood.Developmental psychology · 2026Article
- Temporal associations between parents' daily reports of media motivations, infant affect, and parenting behavior.Developmental psychology · 2026Article
- Digital Ecosystems, Children, and Adolescents: Technical Report.Pediatrics · 2026Review
- Digital Ecosystems, Children, and Adolescents: Policy Statement.Pediatrics · 2026Article
- Screen Time Is More than Just the Screen: Indirect Media Exposure Dominates Infants' Digital Environments.Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies · 2026Article
- The relationship between parenting stress and preschool children's screen dependence: the chain mediating role of parent-child interaction quality and executive function.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Correlates of mobile device use in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Not all digital media use is equal: parental involvement moderates the association between children's digital media use and parental stress.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Parenting stress and young children's problematic media use: the serial mediating roles of parental phubbing and parent-child conflict.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Trends and Determinants of Smart Device Usage Among Children for Six Years: Latent Trajectory Classes Using a Growth Mixture Model.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Article
- Bidirectional and Temporal Associations between Daily Reports of Parental Burnout, Parenting Experiences, and Motivations for Family Screen Use.Translational issues in psychological science · 2025Article
- The relationship between parental psychological well-being and preadolescents' social media use.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Leveraging a Parenting Intervention to Support Healthy Media Use in U.S. Preschoolers with Externalizing Behavior: A Pilot Randomized Trial.Journal of children and media · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Relationship Between Smartphone Dependence and Externalizing Behavior Problems: An Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Model.Psychiatry investigation · 2025Article
- Emotional Reactivity and Behavioral Problems in Preschoolers: The Interplay of Parental Stress, Media-Related Coping, and Child Screen Time.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Screen use in children - two sides of the coin: a critical narrative review.Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2025Review
- From stress to screen: family factors on the path to problematic media use in children aged 4-11.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Study to Evaluate the Comparative Efficacy of Medhya Rasayana (Pharmacological) Versus Nonpharmacological Interventions in Management of Gadget Addiction in Children: Protocol for Parallel, Triple-Arm, Randomized Clinical Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Limited research has examined bidirectional associations between modern media (e.g., smartphone, tablet) use and behavior in early childhood. This study aimed to test the hypotheses that, over 6 months, (H1) child externalizing behavior would predict later media use, mediated by parenting stress, and (H2) media use would predict later externalizing behavior. Participants included mothers and fathers from 183 heterosexual couples with a child 1-5 years old, followed for 6 months-assessed at baseline, 1, and 6 months. Frequency of child media use was assessed at baseline and 6 months through parent report across eight items (e.g., television [TV], smartphone, tablet use). Child externalizing behavior was assessed through the Child Behavioral Checklist, and parent stress through the Parenting Stress Index. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. Mothers were 31.8 (standard deviation [
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Registered trials
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