ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Dinoflagellates with relic endosymbiont nuclei as models for elucidating organellogenesis.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nucleomorph phylogenomics suggests a deep and ancient origin of cryptophyte plastids within Rhodophyta.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- How to upgrade stolen organelles into permanent plastids: A comparative transcriptomic perspective.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Expanded diversity of pedinophytes provides a window into the evolution of the genetic code in organelles.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Cultivation, genomics, and giant viruses of a ubiquitous and heterotrophic freshwater cryptomonad.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- Phylogenomic resolution of marine to freshwater dinoflagellate transitions.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- Adaptations and metabolic evolution of myzozoan protists across diverse lifestyles and environments.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- Interpreting the complexities of the plastid genome in dinoflagellates: a mini-review of recent advances.Plant molecular biology · 2024Review
- Review
- New plastids, old proteins: repeated endosymbiotic acquisitions in kareniacean dinoflagellates.EMBO reports · 2024Article
- Encyclopedia of Family A DNA Polymerases Localized in Organelles: Evolutionary Contribution of Bacteria Including the Proto-Mitochondrion.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Complex Endosymbioses I: From Primary to Complex Plastids, Serial Endosymbiotic Events.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Taming the perils of photosynthesis by eukaryotes: constraints on endosymbiotic evolution in aquatic ecosystems.Communications biology · 2023Review
- Multiple parallel origins of parasitic Marine Alveolates.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Article
- Phylogenomics shows unique traits in Noctilucales are derived rather than ancestral.PNAS nexus · 2022Article
- ImprovedMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- A Strategy for Gene Knockdown in Dinoflagellates.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- The chromatin organization of a chlorarachniophyte nucleomorph genome.Genome biology · 2022Article
- Tightly Constrained Genome Reduction and Relaxation of Purifying Selection during Secondary Plastid Endosymbiosis.Molecular biology and evolution · 2022Article
- Comparative Plastid Genomics of Green-Colored Dinoflagellates Unveils Parallel Genome Compaction and RNA Editing.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
Nucleomorphs are relic endosymbiont nuclei so far found only in two algal groups, cryptophytes and chlorarachniophytes, which have been studied to model the evolutionary process of integrating an endosymbiont alga into a host-governed plastid (organellogenesis). However, past studies suggest that DNA transfer from the endosymbiont to host nuclei had already ceased in both cryptophytes and chlorarachniophytes, implying that the organellogenesis at the genetic level has been completed in the two systems. Moreover, we have yet to pinpoint the closest free-living relative of the endosymbiotic alga engulfed by the ancestral chlorarachniophyte or cryptophyte, making it difficult to infer how organellogenesis altered the endosymbiont genome. To counter the above issues, we need novel nucleomorph-bearing algae, in which endosymbiont-to-host DNA transfer is on-going and for which endosymbiont/plastid origins can be inferred at a fine taxonomic scale. Here, we report two previously undescribed dinoflagellates, strains MGD and TGD, with green algal endosymbionts enclosing plastids as well as relic nuclei (nucleomorphs). We provide evidence for the presence of DNA in the two nucleomorphs and the transfer of endosymbiont genes to the host (dinoflagellate) genomes. Furthermore, DNA transfer between the host and endosymbiont nuclei was found to be in progress in both the MGD and TGD systems. Phylogenetic analyses successfully resolved the origins of the endosymbionts at the genus level. With the combined evidence, we conclude that the host-endosymbiont integration in MGD/TGD is less advanced than that in cryptophytes/chrorarachniophytes, and propose the two dinoflagellates as models for elucidating organellogenesis.
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