ReviewNutrients2020
The Gastrointestinal Exertional Heat Stroke Paradigm: Pathophysiology, Assessment, Severity, Aetiology and Nutritional Countermeasures.
Review in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Low, Medium and High Dose Acute Oral l-Glutamine Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Gastrointestinal microbiota and barrier integrity in individuals who develop exertional heat illness and pair-matched controls: A prospective observational cohort study.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Probiotic Bifidobacterium Confers Protection Against Heat Stroke Through Enhancement of Intestinal Barrier Function in Rats.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Article
- ER Proteotoxic Stress Drives Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Heat-Stressed Intestinal Epithelial Cells.Cells · 2026Article
- Differential Intestinal Epithelial Injury Following Passive and Exertional Hyperthermia.Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- Faecal microbiome, gastrointestinal integrity, inflammation and thermoregulation in recent exertional heat illness patients and matched controls.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Heat stress-induced gut dysbiosis and multi-organ injury: mechanisms and therapeutic modulation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota modulation in the prevention and treatment of heat stroke.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Combined heat and exercise stress disrupt gut microbiota and promote microbial translocation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Effect of foot immersion and neck cooling on renal, intestinal, immune and inflammatory markers in older adults exposed to extreme heat.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Prolonged Humid Heat Triggers Systemic Inflammation and Stress Signaling: Fluid Intake Modulates NF-κB, p38, JNK2, and STAT3α Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Impact of moderate environmental heat stress during running exercise on circulating markers of gastrointestinal integrity in endurance athletes.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Intestinal epithelial injury and inflammation after physical work in temperate and hot environments in older men with hypertension or type 2 diabetes.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Differential intestinal injury and unchanged systemic inflammatory responses to leg and whole-body passive hyperthermia in healthy humans.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors for patients with heat stroke in western China in 2022: a multicenter retrospective study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Heat stroke dysfunctions: from pathophysiology to prediction.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Pretreatment withFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Nutritional Considerations in Exercise-Based Heat Acclimation: A Narrative Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- The Impact of High-Temperature Stress on Gut Microbiota and Reproduction in Siberian Hamsters (Microorganisms · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a life-threatening medical condition involving thermoregulatory failure and is the most severe condition along a continuum of heat-related illnesses. Current EHS policy guidance principally advocates a thermoregulatory management approach, despite growing recognition that gastrointestinal (GI) microbial translocation contributes to disease pathophysiology. Contemporary research has focused to understand the relevance of GI barrier integrity and strategies to maintain it during periods of exertional-heat stress. GI barrier integrity can be assessed non-invasively using a variety of in vivo techniques, including active inert mixed-weight molecular probe recovery tests and passive biomarkers indicative of GI structural integrity loss or microbial translocation. Strenuous exercise is strongly characterised to disrupt GI barrier integrity, and aspects of this response correlate with the corresponding magnitude of thermal strain. The aetiology of GI barrier integrity loss following exertional-heat stress is poorly understood, though may directly relate to localised hyperthermia, splanchnic hypoperfusion-mediated ischemic injury, and neuroendocrine-immune alterations. Nutritional countermeasures to maintain GI barrier integrity following exertional-heat stress provide a promising approach to mitigate EHS. The focus of this review is to evaluate: (1) the GI paradigm of exertional heat stroke; (2) techniques to assess GI barrier integrity; (3) typical GI barrier integrity responses to exertional-heat stress; (4) the aetiology of GI barrier integrity loss following exertional-heat stress; and (5) nutritional countermeasures to maintain GI barrier integrity in response to exertional-heat stress.
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