ReviewNutrients2020
Breast Milk Lipids and Fatty Acids in Regulating Neonatal Intestinal Development and Protecting against Intestinal Injury.
Review in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Total Fat and Fatty Acid Composition of Preterm Human Milk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- Temporal Changes in Breast Milk Fatty Acids Contents: A Case Study of Malay Breastfeeding Women.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- From homeostasis to dysregulation: human milk, microbial metabolites, and the preterm intestinal microenvironment in necrotizing enterocolitis.Translational pediatrics · 2026Review
- Special Milk and Synthetic Biology: A Dual-Perspective Review of Ingredient Substitutions in Breast-Milk-Simulated Infant Formula.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Review
- Antibiotic-induced Malassezia expansion in the infant gut promotes early-life immune dysregulation and airway inflammation in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Maternal trans-vaccenic acid shapes neonatal T cell development and early-life immune imprinting.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Human breast milk lipoproteins: A preliminary biochemical characterization.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Effects of synthetic breast milk on the gut metagenome and whole blood transcriptome in lambs.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Image-Based Morphometric Analysis of Human Milk Fat Globules Versus Laser Diffraction.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Circadian Composition of Breast Milk: A Natural Starting Point for Chrononutrition.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Comparative Analysis of Signature Lipid Structures in Canine and Feline Milk Compared with Bovine and Caprine Milk.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Microbiome, Epigenetics, and Nutritional Factors in Shaping Perinatal Pregnancy Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Preterm infant formulas with glucose polymers and reduced lactose content increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Limitations in PPARα-dependent mitochondrial programming restrain the differentiation of human stem cell-derived β cells.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The multifaceted roles of fatty acids and their dysregulation in obese mothers: potential implications for infant development.Nutrition & metabolism · 2025Review
- Effect of MaternalCurrent developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Selective Targeting of Senescent FHs74Int Cells by Human Breast Milk Free Fatty Acids.Biology · 2025Article
- Observational
- EM Dipeptide Enhances Milk Protein Secretion: Evidence from Integrated Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Maternal adiposity moderates associations between dietary, serum, and human milk n-3 and n-6 PUFA.Scientific reports · 2025Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human breast milk is the optimal source of nutrition for infant growth and development. Breast milk fats and their downstream derivatives of fatty acids and fatty acid-derived terminal mediators not only provide an energy source but also are important regulators of development, immune function, and metabolism. The composition of the lipids and fatty acids determines the nutritional and physicochemical properties of human milk fat. Essential fatty acids, including long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) and specialized pro-resolving mediators, are critical for growth, organogenesis, and regulation of inflammation. Combined data including in vitro, in vivo, and human cohort studies support the beneficial effects of human breast milk in intestinal development and in reducing the risk of intestinal injury. Human milk has been shown to reduce the occurrence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a common gastrointestinal disease in preterm infants. Preterm infants fed human breast milk are less likely to develop NEC compared to preterm infants receiving infant formula. Intestinal development and its physiological functions are highly adaptive to changes in nutritional status influencing the susceptibility towards intestinal injury in response to pathological challenges. In this review, we focus on lipids and fatty acids present in breast milk and their impact on neonatal gut development and the risk of disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.