ReviewAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2020
Glutamine Metabolism and Its Role in Immunity, a Comprehensive Review.
Review in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrative multi-omics analysis uncovers tumor-immune-gut axis influencing immunotherapy outcomes in ovarian cancer.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- The effect of glutamine supplementation on serum levels of some inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, and appetite in COVID-19 patients: a case-control study.Inflammopharmacology · 2021Trial
- Integrative bioinformatics and machine learning approach unveils potential biomarkers linking coronary atherosclerosis and glutamine metabolism-associated gene.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2025Article
- The effect of high-fat diet on serum metabolites in rats with heart failure: a non-targeted metabolomics approach.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Alzheimer's disease: an integrative bioinformatics and machine learning analysis reveals glutamine metabolism-associated gene biomarkers.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
- Glutamine-glutamate centered metabolism as the potential therapeutic target against Japanese encephalitis virus-induced encephalitis.Cell & bioscience · 2025Article
- Mogrosides Protect Against Diabetic Kidney Injury via Inhibiting Macrophage Activation in a Mouse Model.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Article
- Glutamine sustains energy metabolism and alleviates liver injury in burn sepsis by promoting the assembly of mitochondrial HSP60-HSP10 complex via SIRT4 dependent protein deacetylation.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2024Article
- Article
- Glutamine metabolism, a double agent combating or fuelling hepatocellular carcinoma.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2024Review
- Exploring metabolic anomalies in COVID-19 and post-COVID-19: a machine learning approach with explainable artificial intelligence.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Article
- Review
- Immunological effects of glutamine supplementation in polytrauma patients in intensive care unit.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2022Article
- [Metabolic issues and nutritional strategies in burn wound repair].Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · 2022Article
- Glutamine exerts a protective effect on osteoarthritis development by inhibiting the Jun N-terminal kinase and nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathways.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Pea peels as a value-added food ingredient for snack crackers and dry soup.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Liver disorders in COVID-19, nutritional approaches and the use of phytochemicals.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Review
- The cancer metabolic reprogramming and immune response.Molecular cancer · 2021Review
- NMR plasma metabolomics study of patients overcoming acute myocardial infarction: in the first 12 h after onset of chest pain with statistical discrimination towards metabolomic biomarkers.Physiological research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2021-03-22Euphemisms for Plagiarism · Plagiarism of/in Article ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In the body of an animal, glutamine is a plentiful and very useful amino acid. Glutamine consumption in the body of animals in normal or disease conditions is the same or higher than the glucose. Many in vivo as well as in vitro experiments have been conducted to evaluate the importance of glutamine. Glutamine is a valuable nutrient for the proliferation of the lymphocytes. It also plays a crucial role in the production of cytokines, macrophages, phagocytic, and neutrophil to kill the bacteria. Most of the metabolic organs like the liver, gut, and skeletal muscles control the circulation and availability secretion of glutamine. In catabolic and hypercatabolic conditions, glutamine can turn out to be essential and plays a vital role in metabolism; however, availability may be compromised due to the impairment of homeostasis in the inter-tissue metabolism of amino acids. This is why the supplementation of glutamine is commonly used in clinical nutrition and is especially recommended to immune-suppressed persons. Despite this, in catabolic and hyper-catabolic conditions, it is challenging due to the amino acid concentration in plasma/bloodstream and glutamine should be provided via either the oral, enteral or parenteral route. However, the effect of glutamine as an immune-based supplement has been previously recognized as many research studies conducted in vivo and in-vitro evaluated the beneficial effects of glutamine. Hence, the present study delivers a combined review of glutamine metabolism in essential organs of the cell immune system. In this review, we have also reviewed the metabolism and action of glutamine and crucial problems due to glutamine supplementation in catabolic conditions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.