Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2020
A randomized clinical trial of the effects of leafy green vegetables and inorganic nitrate on blood pressure.
Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02916615 (Diet and Nitric Oxide), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Diet and Nitric Oxide (DINO): A Study on the Effects of Dietary Nitrate on Blood Pressure in Subjects With Prehypertension
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between leafy vegetable consumption and incidence of metabolic syndrome and its symptoms: a systematic review of prospective cohort and randomised control trials.European journal of nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Plasma nitrate, dietary nitrate, blood pressure, and vascular health biomarkers: a GRADE-Assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Nutrition journal · 2025Pooled it
- A clinical study examining the effects of dietary nitrate on urinary N-nitrosamines.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- Trial
- The Effect of Dietary Nitrate on the Oral Microbiome and Salivary Biomarkers in Individuals with High Blood Pressure.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- Increased nitrate intake from beetroot juice over 4 weeks affects nitrate metabolism, but not vascular function or blood pressure in older adults with hypertension.Food & function · 2024Trial
- Oral nitrate supplementation improves cardiovascular risk markers in COPD: ON-BC, a randomised controlled trial.The European respiratory journal · 2024Trial
- Hypoxic erythrocytes mediate cardioprotection through activation of soluble guanylate cyclase and release of cyclic GMP.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Trial
- DASH Diet, Dietary Nitrate, and Nitric Oxide Bioavailability: Implications for Endothelial Dysfunction and Hypertension in Older Adults.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Review
- Dietary Green Leafy Vegetables and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- NIT_CH: A study protocol for evaluating the effect of inorganic nitrate capsules in chronic hypertensive pregnancies - a triple-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Article
- Effects of incorporating green leafy vegetables with meals on starch and lipid digestibility under simulated gastrointestinal digestion.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The comparative effect of propolis and chlorhexidine mouthwash on oral nitrite-producing bacteria and blood pressure regulation.Journal of oral microbiology · 2025Article
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of a nonphysician-led, community-based blood pressure intervention in rural China based on CRHCP research.International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2024Article
- Higher plant-derived nitrate intake is associated with lower odds of frailty in a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older women.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Plant-Based Nutrition: Exploring Health Benefits for Atherosclerosis, Chronic Diseases, and Metabolic Syndrome-A Comprehensive Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Antioxidant Capacity, Nitrite and Nitrate Content in Beetroot-Based Dietary Supplements.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Pleiotropic Functions of Nitric Oxide Produced by Ascorbate for the Prevention and Mitigation of COVID-19: A Revaluation of Pauling's Vitamin C Therapy.Microorganisms · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA diet rich in fruits and vegetables is associated with lowering of blood pressure (BP), but the nutrient(s) responsible for these effects remain unclear. Research suggests that inorganic nitrate present in leafy green vegetables is converted into NO in vivo to improve cardiovascular function.
objectiveIn this study, we evaluated the effect of leafy green vegetables on BP in subjects with elevated BP, with the aim of elucidating if any such effect is related to their high nitrate content.
designWe enrolled 243 subjects, 50-70 y old, with a clinic systolic BP (SBP) of 130-159 mm Hg. After a 2-wk run-in period on a nitrate-restricted diet the subjects were randomly assigned to receive 1 of the following 3 interventions daily for 5 wk: low-nitrate vegetables + placebo pills, low-nitrate vegetables + nitrate pills (300 mg nitrate), or leafy green vegetables containing 300 mg nitrate + placebo pills. The primary end point measure was the difference in change in 24 h ambulatory SBP between the groups.
resultsA total of 231 subjects (95%) completed the study. The insignificant change in ambulatory SBP (mean ± standard deviation) was -0.6 ± 6.2 mm Hg in the placebo group, -1.2 ± 6.8 mm Hg in the potassium nitrate group, and -0.5 ± 6.6 mm Hg in the leafy green vegetable group. There was no significant difference in change between the 3 groups.
conclusionsA 5-wk dietary supplementation with leafy green vegetables or pills containing the same amount of inorganic nitrate does not decrease ambulatory SBP in subjects with elevated BP. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02916615.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.