ReviewObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)2020
Proposal for a Scientifically Correct and Medically Actionable Disease Classification System (ICD) for Obesity.
Review in Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Advanced applications in chronic disease monitoring using IoT mobile sensing device data, machine learning algorithms and frame theory: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative effectiveness of single foods and food groups on body weight: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of 152 randomized controlled trials.European journal of nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Obesity in Adults: A 2022 Adapted Clinical Practice Guideline for Ireland.Obesity facts · 2022Guideline
- Obesity in adults: a clinical practice guideline.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2020 · on this mapGuideline
- The performance of anthropometric tools to determine obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2020Pooled it
- Weight stigma among diverse ethnic groups with obesity in the U.S.: the USA-OBESTIGMA study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Observational
- C2CD5 in noradrenergic neurons regulates thermogenesis and lipid homeostasis via norepinephrine secretion.iScience · 2026Article
- Application research on the quantitative evaluation of carotid arterial elasticity in overweight adolescents using ultra-fast pulse wave technology.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Obesity as a Multifactorial Chronic Disease: Molecular Mechanisms, Systemic Impact, and Emerging Digital Interventions.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Deep Phenotyping of Obesity: Electronic Health Record-Based Temporal Modeling Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- The real-life experiences of people living with overweight and obesity: A psychosocial perspective.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Tackling the complexity of obesity in the US through adaptation of public health strategies.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- The Greater the Number of Altered Eating Behaviors in Obesity, the More Severe the Psychopathology.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Deep phenotyping obesity using EHR data: Promise, Challenges, and Future Directions.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Phenotyping of Obesity Treatment Candidates: A Narrative Review.Current obesity reports · 2024Review
- The Relationship of Waist Circumference with the Morbidity of Cardiovascular Diseases and All-Cause Mortality in Metabolically Healthy Individuals: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Ratio of waist circumference to body mass index: A novel predictor of clinical outcome in hypertension patients.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2024Article
- Facilitators and barriers to behavior change in overweight and obesity management using the COM-B model.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Association between dyslipidemia and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: A case-control study in south-western Uganda.African journal of laboratory medicine · 2024Article
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2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveObesity is responsible for a huge burden of suffering and social costs, and yet many patients lack access to evidence-based therapies. The diagnostic term "obesity" and inadequate International Classification of Diseases(ICD) codes contribute to suboptimal efforts to prevent and treat obesity as a chronic disease. The goal of this review is to develop a medically actionable classification system based on the diagnostic term "adiposity-based chronic disease" (ABCD) that reflects disease pathophysiology and specific complications causing morbidity and mortality.
methodsA coding system based on the diagnosis of ABCD with four domains is proposed: A codes reflect pathophysiology, B codes indicate BMI classification, C codes specify specific biomechanical and cardiovascular complications remediable by weight loss, and D codes indicate the degree of the severity of complications. Supplemental codes identify aggravating factors that complicate care and that are relevant to a personalized therapeutic plan.
resultsThe coding system addresses pathophysiology and therapeutic goals and differential risk, presence, and severity of specific complications that are integral to ABCD as a chronic disease.
conclusionsThe scientifically correct and medically actionable approach to diagnosis and disease coding will lead to greater acknowledgement of ABCD as a disease and accessibility to evidence-based therapies on behalf of patients across the life cycle.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.