ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2020
Incidence of lower extremity amputations among patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in the United States from 2010 to 2014.
Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Global Epidemiology of Diabetic Foot: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Prognostic models for predicting the risk of foot ulcer or amputation in people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and external validation study.Diabetologia · 2021Pooled it
- Heterogeneity in the development of diabetes-related complications: narrative review of the roles of ancestry and geographical determinants.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Association of plasma aldosterone concentration with peripheral artery disease in hypertensive patients: insights from a large cross-sectional analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Incidence of Lower Extremity Amputation in Romania: A Nationwide 5-Year Cohort Study, 2015-2019.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Prevalence and determinants of lower extremity amputations among type I and type II diabetic patients: A multicenter-based study.International wound journal · 2023Article
- Risk prediction models for diabetic foot ulcer development or amputation: a review of reviews.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2023Review
- Time trends (2001-2019) and sex differences in incidence and in-hospital mortality after lower extremity amputations among patients with type 1 diabetes in Spain.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Article
- Trends of Non-Traumatic Lower-Extremity Amputation and Type 2 Diabetes: Spain, 2001-2019.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Association of serum Cyr61 levels with peripheral arterial disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2020Article
- Incidence of lower extremity amputations among patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in the United States from 2010 to 2014.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimTo compare the incidence of lower extremity amputation (LEA) among patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with those without diabetes using US commercial claims and to assess the presence of key co-morbidities and precipitating factors at the time of the LEA.
methodsCohorts were defined via IBM MarketScan research databases for beneficiaries with T1D and T2D during 2010-2014. For each T1D and T2D patient, one patient without a prior diabetic claim matched on calendar time, sex and age, was randomly selected. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals.
resultsAmong the matched cohorts of 120 129 T1D patients and 1.7 million T2D patients, the incidence of LEA was higher among patients with T1D than patients with T2D, with the most frequent cases being minor LEAs (4.85 and 1.53 per 1000 patient years [PY], respectively), largely toe amputations (4.49 and 1.43 per 1000 PY, respectively). Compared with non-diabetic patients matched on age, sex and calendar time, T1D and T2D patients had more co-morbidities and a higher incidence of LEA (6.02 vs. 0.14 per 1000 PY; aHR, 22.47 [16.42-30.73] and 1.90 vs. 0.23 per 1000 PY; aHR, 4.64 [4.32-4.98]).
conclusionsOur data showed a higher incidence of LEA, especially minor LEA, in patients with T1D and T2D compared with those without diabetes, with a greater risk among patients with T1D than patients with T2D. Accounting for known and measurable risk factors for LEA reduced the relative hazard by nearly 50%; the majority of LEA cases were minor LEAs and toe amputations.
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