Observational studyMultiple sclerosis and related disorders2020
Socioeconomic status and race are correlated with affective symptoms in multiple sclerosis.
Observational study in Multiple sclerosis and related disorders, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychological Burden in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Sociodemographic and Clinical Determinants of Persistent Anxiety and Depression over a Six-Month Follow-Up.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2026Article
- The intersection of race and sex on the clinical and cognitive progression of multiple sclerosis.Journal of the neurological sciences · 2024Article
- Disparities by Race in Pregnancy Care and Clinical Outcomes in Women With Multiple Sclerosis: A Diverse Multicenter CohortNeurology · 2024Article
- Socioeconomic, Clinical, and Laboratory Parameters Differentiating Pediatric Patients With MOG Antibody-Associated Disease and Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of child neurology · 2023Article
- Validation of a comorbidity questionnaire in patients with neurological disorders.BMJ neurology open · 2023Article
- A narrative review of neuro-ophthalmologic disease in African Americans and Hispanics with multiple sclerosis.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2023Review
- Etiology, effects and management of comorbidities in multiple sclerosis: recent advances.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Social determinants of health in multiple sclerosis.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2022Review
- The impact of socioeconomic status on subsequent neurological outcomes in multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Article
- Review
- Assessing the Relationship between Socioeconomic Status, Race, and Psychological Distress in Cancer Survivors: A Population Based Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Article
- The impact of socioeconomic status on mental health and health-seeking behavior across race and ethnicity in a large multiple sclerosis cohort.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Article
- Aging with long-term physical disability: Cohort analysis of survey sample in the U.S.F1000Research · 2022Article
- Socioeconomic disparity is associated with faster retinal neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2021Article
- Depression in multiple sclerosis across the adult lifespan.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2021Article
- Experiences of African American Women with Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of MS careArticle
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveInvestigate the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and race with self-reported fatigue, depression, and anxiety levels in multiple sclerosis (MS).
methodsCross-sectional review of the MS Partners Advancing Technology and Health Solutions (MS PATHS) database for adults with MS in the United States. We evaluated race and socioeconomic status (available markers: insurance, employment status, or level of education) as predictors of fatigue, depression, and anxiety sub-scores of the Neuro-QoL (Quality of life in neurological disorders), with particular interest between Caucasians/whites (CA) and African Americans/blacks (AA). Multivariate linear regression models included as covariates age, sex, disability status, smoking status, body mass index, and disease-modifying therapy.
results7,430 individuals were included; compared to CA, AA tended to be younger, more female-predominant, and had a higher level of disability. AA had completed slightly less education, had a higher level of Medicaid coverage or uninsured status, and had higher rates of unemployed or disabled status. In the univariate model, markers of lower SES, by whichever definition we used, correlated with worse affective symptoms. In the multivariate model stratified by race, CA showed similar trends. In contrast, in AA, only lower SES by employment status was correlated with worse affective symptoms. In both CA and AA, moderate and severe level of disability correlated with worse affective symptoms.
conclusionSES and race may influence affective symptoms reported by individuals with MS. The reasons for the correlation are likely multifactorial. Longitudinal studies should strive to identify factors associated with risk of affective symptoms in MS that may be modifiable.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.