ReviewBehaviour research and therapy2020
Psychophysiological modelling and the measurement of fear conditioning.
Review in Behaviour research and therapy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Serotonin depletion impairs both Pavlovian and instrumental reversal learning in healthy humans.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Experiment-based calibration: Inference and decision-making.Behavior research methods · 2026Article
- Enhancing the Efficacy of Exposure Therapy: Translation of Pharmacological Augmentation of Fear Extinction.Annual review of clinical psychology · 2026Review
- Psychophysiological Outcome Responses in Human Pavlovian Fear Conditioning: A Prediction Error Analysis.Psychophysiology · 2026Article
- Threat expectancies in a VR fear conditioning paradigm follow non-linear extinction patterns but are not influenced by intolerance of uncertainty.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Measuring Human Pavlovian Reward Conditioning and Memory Retention After Consolidation.Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Pavlovian safety learning: An integrative theoretical review.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2025Review
- Research on Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Involving the Use ofCentral nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Neuropsychobiology of fear-induced bradycardia in humans: progress and pitfalls.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- Psychometrics in experimental psychology: A case for calibration.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2024Review
- Article
- Enhancing experimental design through Bayes factor design analysis: insights from multi-armed bandit tasks.Wellcome open research · 2024Article
- Experiment-based calibration in psychology: Optimal design considerations.Journal of mathematical psychology · 2023Article
- Measuring human context fear conditioning and retention after consolidation.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Consensus design of a calibration experiment for human fear conditioning.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- Measuring human trace fear conditioning.Psychophysiology · 2022Article
- A cross-sectional study about coronavirus fear of Chinese college students in school lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic.Heliyon · 2022Review
- Cortico-Striatal Activity Characterizes Human Safety Learning via Pavlovian Conditioned Inhibition.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022Article
- Postural freezing relates to startle potentiation in a human fear-conditioning paradigm.Psychophysiology · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Quantification of fear conditioning is paramount to many clinical and translational studies on aversive learning. Various measures of fear conditioning co-exist, including different observables and different methods of pre-processing. Here, we first argue that low measurement error is a rational desideratum for any measurement technique. We then show that measurement error can be approximated in benchmark experiments by how closely intended fear memory relates to measured fear memory, a quantity that we term retrodictive validity. From this perspective, we discuss different approaches commonly used to quantify fear conditioning. One of these is psychophysiological modelling (PsPM). This builds on a measurement model that describes how a psychological variable, such as fear memory, influences a physiological measure. This model is statistically inverted to estimate the most likely value of the psychological variable, given the measured data. We review existing PsPMs for skin conductance, pupil size, heart period, respiration, and startle eye-blink. We illustrate the benefit of PsPMs in terms of retrodictive validity and translate this into sample size required to achieve a desired level of statistical power. This sample size can differ up to a factor of three between different observables, and between the best, and the current standard, data pre-processing methods.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.