ReviewToxins2020
Mechanism of Action of Botulinum Toxin A in Treatment of Functional Urological Disorders.
Review in Toxins, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- An indirect comparison meta-analysis of noninvasive intravesical instillation and intravesical injection of botulinum toxin-A in bladder disorders.International urology and nephrology · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety comparison of pharmacotherapies for interstitial cystitis and bladder pain syndrome: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.International urogynecology journal · 2021Pooled it
- Role of Microbial Toxins in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insights and Future Perspectives.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Acetylcholine in Brain-Body Communication: Biological Mechanisms and Physiological Roles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Non-Surgical Management of Male Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: A UPOINT-Guided Narrative Review.Journal of pain research · 2026Review
- Urodynamic Predictive Factors for Successful Treatment Outcomes Following Intravesical Botulinum Toxin a Injection in Patients with Detrusor Overactivity.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Article
- The Efficacy of Intradetrusor Onabotulinumtoxin A Injection for Refractory Overactive Bladder Syndrome-A Single-Center Prospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Neurogenic Bladder in Children with Myelomeningocele.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Chronic pelvic pain and botulinum toxin.Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology · 2025Review
- Impact of Urethral Sphincter Electrophysiology on Botulinum Toxin A Treatment in Women with Non-Neurogenic Dysfunctional Voiding.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Review
- The Response of the Urinary Microbiome to Botox.International urogynecology journal · 2024Article
- Onabotulinum Toxin A Intradetrusor Injections in Children with Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: Long-Term Histological Effects on the Bladder Wall.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Perioperative Techniques for the Use of Botulinum Toxin in Overactive Bladder: Results of a Multinational Online Survey of Urogynecologists in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Botulinum Neurotoxins in Central Nervous System: An Overview from Animal Models to Human Therapy.Toxins · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intravesical botulinum toxin (BoNT) injection is effective in reducing urgency and urinary incontinence. It temporarily inhibits the detrusor muscle contraction by blocking the release of acetylcholine (Ach) from the preganglionic and postganglionic nerves in the efferent nerves. BoNT-A also blocks ATP release from purinergic efferent nerves in the detrusor muscle. In afferent nerves, BoNT-A injection markedly reduces the urothelial ATP release and increases nitric oxide (NO) release from the urothelium. BoNT-A injection in the urethra or bladder has been developed in the past few decades as the treatment method for detrusor sphincter dyssyndergia, incontinence due to neurogenic or idiopathic detrusor overactivity, sensory disorders, including bladder hypersensitivity, overactive bladder, and interstitial cystitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Although the FDA only approved BoNT-A injection treatment for neurogenic detrusor overactivity and for refractory overactive bladder, emerging clinical trials have demonstrated the benefits of BoNT-A treatment in functional urological disorders. Cautious selection of patients and urodynamic evaluation for confirmation of diagnosis are crucial to maximize the successful outcomes of BoNT-A treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.