ArticleStem cell reports2020
High-Resolution Dissection of Chemical Reprogramming from Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts into Fibrocartilaginous Cells.
Article in Stem cell reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring cartilage development and disease models: applications of cartilage organoids.Inflammation and regeneration · 2026Review
- Cell and tissue reprogramming: Unlocking a new era in medical drug discovery.Pharmacological reviews · 2025Review
- Organelle-tuning condition robustly fabricates energetic mitochondria for cartilage regeneration.Bone research · 2025Article
- Cartilage organoids: an emerging platform for novel osteoarthritis therapies.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Limitations and challenges of direct cell reprogramming in vitro and in vivo.Histology and histopathology · 2022Review
- Intratunical injection of rat-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells prevents fibrosis and is associated with increased Smad7 expression in a rat model of Peyronie's disease.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Article
- A high-resolution route map reveals distinct stages of chondrocyte dedifferentiation for cartilage regeneration.Bone research · 2022Article
- Pharmaceutical therapeutics for articular regeneration and restoration: state-of-the-art technology for screening small molecular drugs.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Phenotypic technologies in stem cell biology.Cell chemical biology · 2021Review
- Small Molecule Epigenetic Modulators in Pure Chemical Cell Fate Conversion.Stem cells international · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Articular cartilage injury and degeneration causing pain and loss of quality-of-life has become a serious problem for increasingly aged populations. Given the poor self-renewal of adult human chondrocytes, alternative functional cell sources are needed. Direct reprogramming by small molecules potentially offers an oncogene-free and cost-effective approach to generate chondrocytes, but has yet to be investigated. Here, we directly reprogrammed mouse embryonic fibroblasts into PRG4+ chondrocytes using a 3D system with a chemical cocktail, VCRTc (valproic acid, CHIR98014, Repsox, TTNPB, and celecoxib). Using single-cell transcriptomics, we revealed the inhibition of fibroblast features and activation of chondrogenesis pathways in early reprograming, and the intermediate cellular process resembling cartilage development. The in vivo implantation of chemical-induced chondrocytes at defective articular surfaces promoted defect healing and rescued 63.4% of mechanical function loss. Our approach directly converts fibroblasts into functional cartilaginous cells, and also provides insights into potential pharmacological strategies for future cartilage regeneration.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.