Transcriptome analysis of hepatopancreas of Eriocheir sinensis with hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (HPND).

Hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (HPND) is a newly emerging disease in the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, which has resulted in large economic losses. However, the underlying cause of this disease remains unclear. To better understand the pathogenesis and pathogenic mechanism of HPND, we compared the transcriptome differences of the hepatopancreas of E. sinensis with and without HPND. The analysis yielded > 30 million reads for each sample of three test (with HPND) and three control groups (without HPND). We observed 978 downregulated genes and 644 upregulated genes. Among the gene ontology categories "biological process," "cellular component," and "molecular function", the subcategories cellular process, single-organism process, biological regulation, metabolic process, cell part, organelle, organelle part, binding, and catalytic were enriched. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that "metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450," "drug metabolism-cytochrome P450," "chemical carcinogenesis," and "material metabolism" were the "five" most significantly enriched pathways in the hepatopancreas of E. sinensis with HPND. The results revealed that material metabolic abnormalities and drug effects from the external environment might be associated with HPND in the Chinese mitten crab. Considering the wide use of pyrethroids for pond cleaning in Xinghua city, we speculated that pyrethroids might cause HPND in the Chinese mitten crab. Our study provided useful information about the cause and pathogenetic mechanisms of HPND and could help to prevent this disease in production practice.