Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32084144›Full record

ArticlePloS one2020

The health status of transgender and gender nonbinary adults in the United States.

Ethan C Cicero, Sari L Reisner, Elizabeth I Merwin, Janice C Humphreys, Susan G Silva

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Alzheimer's disease and related dementias among transfeminine adults: A cohort study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
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  7. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Subjective Cognitive Decline Among Transgender Adults.Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
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  12. Article
  13. Psychological Distress and Suicidality Among Transgender Young Adults in the United States.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2024
    Article
  14. Exploring the knowledge, attitudes, and practices on sexual and gender minorities patients: a survey on Italian Neurologists.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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  19. The structural and social determinants of Alzheimer's disease related dementias.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023
    Review
  20. Transgender Adults From Minoritized Ethnoracial Groups in the U.S. Report Greater Subjective Cognitive Decline.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ethan C CiceroDepartment of Community Health Systems, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0003-2468-0082
Sari L ReisnerDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Elizabeth I MerwinSchool of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
Janice C HumphreysSchool of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
Susan G SilvaSchool of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.

Funding

Biobehavioral Research Training Program in Symptom ScienceT32NR016920 · NINR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MIASKOWSKI, CHRISTINE A., WEISS, SANDRA JEAN · 2017 to 2021
$2.4M
The Health Status of Gender MinoritiesF31NR017115 · NINR · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI CICERO, ETHAN COLLIN · 2017 to 2017
$43k
NINR NIH HHS F31 NR017115NINR NIH HHS T32 NR016920
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The goal of this exploratory study was to delineate health differences among transgender subpopulations (transgender women/TW, transgender men/TM, gender nonbinary/GNB adults). 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data were analyzed to compare the health of three groups (TW:N = 369; TM:N = 239; GNB:N = 156). Logistic regression and adjusted odds ratios were used to determine whether health outcomes (fair/poor health, frequent physical and mental unhealthy days, chronic health conditions, and health problems/impairments) are related to group and its interaction with personal characteristics and socioeconomic position. Group was a significant predictor of fair/poor health and frequent mental unhealthy days, revealing significant health differences between the transgender groups. The odds of poor/fair health were approximately 2.5 times higher in TM and GNB adults relative to TW. The odds of frequent mental unhealthy days for TM were approximately 1.5-2 times greater than TW and GNB adults. Among those with health insurance, the odds of fair/poor health for GNB adults was more than 1.5-2 times higher that of TM and TW. Among those without health insurance, TM had over 7 times greater odds of fair/poor health than TW. This study underscores the importance of classifying and examining the health of the transgender population as unique subpopulations, as notable health differences were discovered. TM and GNB adults have significant health concerns, requiring the attention of clinical interventions aimed at promoting health and preventing illness.

Indexed as

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance SystemGender IdentityHealth StatusAdolescentAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisTransgender PersonsUnited StatesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID32084144
PMCPMC7034836

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.