ArticleJournal of extracellular vesicles2020
Hepatitis A virus structural protein pX interacts with ALIX and promotes the secretion of virions and foreign proteins through exosome-like vesicles.
Article in Journal of extracellular vesicles, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic Poxviruses Induce the Secretion of Immunostimulating and Anti-Tumoral Extracellular Vesicles.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Heparanase-Loaded CAR T Extracellular Vesicles Remodel the Colorectal Tumour Microenvironment and Boost T Cell Antitumor Immunity.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Review
- Interactions between extracellular vesicles and viruses: lessons learned across species and kingdoms.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Keratin 20 Suppresses Exosomal Secretion of Peroxiredoxin 2 and Ferroptosis in Acute Kidney Injury.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicles in Arthropods: Biogenesis, Functions, Isolation Methods and Applications.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Review
- A game of hide-and-seek: how extracellular vesicles evade the immune system.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Review
- Nonlytic Egress and Transmission in the Virus World.Annual review of biochemistry · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Liver Diseases.Viruses · 2024Review
- Hijacking host extracellular vesicle machinery by hepatotropic viruses: current understandings and future prospects.Journal of biomedical science · 2024Review
- Shrimp hemocyanin elicits a potent humoral response in mammals and is favorable to hapten conjugation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Conserved YPXViruses · 2024Article
- Picornavirus security proteins promote the release of extracellular vesicle enclosed viruses via the modulation of host kinases.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Extracellular Vesicles in Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Review on Applications, Challenges, and Clinical Progress.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Harnessing crosstalk between extracellular vesicles and viruses for disease diagnostics and therapeutics.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2024Review
- Review
- Cell entry and release of quasi-enveloped human hepatitis viruses.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2023Review
- Nonenveloped Avian Reoviruses Released with Small Extracellular Vesicles Are Highly Infectious.Viruses · 2023Article
- Extracellular Vesicles in Hepatobiliary Health and Disease.Comprehensive Physiology · 2023Review
- Cell-derived nanovesicle-mediated drug delivery to the brain: Principles and strategies for vesicle engineering.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatitis A virus (HAV), a classic nonenveloped virus, has recently been found to be released mainly in the form of quasi-enveloped HAV (eHAV) by hijacking host endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) complexes. Unlike the nonenveloped virion, eHAV contains the viral protein pX on the surface of the HAV capsid as an extension of VP1. How HAV capsids acquire the host envelope and whether the pX protein is involved in this process were previously unknown. Here, we analyse the role of pX in foreign protein secretion in exosome-like extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the formation of eHAV. Fusion of pX to eGFP guided eGFP into exosome-like EVs through directing eGFP into multivesicular bodies (MVBs), and apoptosis-linked gene 2-interacting protein X (ALIX) release was significantly enhanced. Coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) demonstrated the interaction between pX and the ALIX V domain. Removal of the C-terminal half of pX abolished eHAV release and reduced the interaction between the HAV virion and ALIX. Finally, the C-terminal half of pX alone was sufficient for loading eGFP into EVs by interacting with ALIX. In conclusion, the C-terminal part of pX is important for eHAV production and may have potential for large protein complex loading into exosome-like EVs for therapeutic purposes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.