ArticleEMBO reports2020
Chemokines and galectins form heterodimers to modulate inflammation.
Article in EMBO reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expression, Localization and Actions of Galectin-3: Implications in the Pathophysiology and Therapy of Cardiovascular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Role of Galectin-3 in Liver Inflammation and Fibrosis.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Galectin-1 in Cardiovascular Pathogenesis: Unraveling Dual Roles and Mechanistic Insights in Emerging Research.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Characterization and Immune Functions of LcβLectin from Large Yellow Croaker (International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Targeting immune cell recruitment in atherosclerosis.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2024Review
- Vascular galectins in tumor angiogenesis and cancer immunity.Seminars in immunopathology · 2024Review
- Cysteine Oxidation in Human Galectin-1 Occurs Sequentially via a Folded Intermediate to a Fully Oxidized Unfolded Form.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The acidic intrinsically disordered region of the inflammatory mediator HMGB1 mediates fuzzy interactions with CXCL12.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Heterologous Interactions with Galectins and Chemokines and Their Functional Consequences.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Anchoring immunosuppression to inflamed tissue.Nature biomedical engineering · 2023Article
- Heterodimers Are an Integral Component of Chemokine Signaling Repertoire.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Chemokine Heteromers and Their Impact on Cellular Function-A Conceptual Framework.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Cigarette Smoke-Induced Respiratory Response: Insights into Cellular Processes and Biomarkers.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Chimera and Tandem-Repeat Type Galectins: The New Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Inhibition of LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response of Oral Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Presence of Galectin-3.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- The chemokines CXCL8 and CXCL12: molecular and functional properties, role in disease and efforts towards pharmacological intervention.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2023Review
- The chemokine landscape: one system multiple shades.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Functional Heterodimerization between the G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR17 and the Chemokine Receptors 2 and 4: New Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Review
- The interplay of galectins-1, -3, and -9 in the immune-inflammatory response underlying cardiovascular and metabolic disease.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Chemokines and galectins are simultaneously upregulated and mediate leukocyte recruitment during inflammation. Until now, these effector molecules have been considered to function independently. Here, we tested the hypothesis that they form molecular hybrids. By systematically screening chemokines for their ability to bind galectin-1 and galectin-3, we identified several interacting pairs, such as CXCL12 and galectin-3. Based on NMR and MD studies of the CXCL12/galectin-3 heterodimer, we identified contact sites between CXCL12 β-strand 1 and Gal-3 F-face residues. Mutagenesis of galectin-3 residues involved in heterodimer formation resulted in reduced binding to CXCL12, enabling testing of functional activity comparatively. Galectin-3, but not its mutants, inhibited CXCL12-induced chemotaxis of leukocytes and their recruitment into the mouse peritoneum. Moreover, galectin-3 attenuated CXCL12-stimulated signaling via its receptor CXCR4 in a ternary complex with the chemokine and receptor, consistent with our structural model. This first report of heterodimerization between chemokines and galectins reveals a new type of interaction between inflammatory mediators that can underlie a novel immunoregulatory mechanism in inflammation. Thus, further exploration of the chemokine/galectin interactome is warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.